Cell Envelope Changes in Solvent-Tolerant and Solvent-Sensitive Pseudomonas putida Strains following Exposure to o-Xylene

Pinkart, Holly C.; Wolfram, J W; Rogers, Robert D.; White, David C.

doi:10.1128/aem.62.3.1129-1132.1996

Cited by 137 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Because of the extended conformation of saturated and trans-unsaturated fatty acids, an increase in the proportion of trans fatty acids has been related with increased rigidity of the membrane (because of high packing order), while the kinked structures of cis unsaturated fatty acids resulted in higher membrane fluidity. Increases in trans isomers have been also reported in response to heat, organic solvents and other stresses in different Pseudomonas species (Heipiepper et al, 1992;Weber et al, 1994;Pinkart et al, 1996;Ramos et al, 1997;Junker and Ramos, 1999;Loffhagen et al, 2001;Heipiepper et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

A Pseudomonas putida cardiolipin synthesis mutant exhibits increased sensitivity to drugs related to transport functionality

Bernal

Muñoz‐Rojas

Hurtado

et al. 2007

Environmental Microbiology

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Biological membranes have evolved different mechanisms to modify their composition in response to chemical stimuli in a process called 'homeoviscous adaptation'. Among these mechanisms, modifications in the ratio of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids and in cis/trans fatty acid isomers, cyclopropanation and changes in the phospholipids head group composition have been observed. To further understand the role of phospholipid head groups in solvent stress adaptation, we knocked out the cls (cardiolipin synthase) gene in Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E. As expected, cls mutant membranes contained less cardiolipin than those of the wild-type strain. Although no significant growth rate defect was observed in the cls mutant compared with the wild-type strain, mutant cells were significantly smaller than the wild-type cells. The cls mutant was more sensitive to toluene shocks and to several antibiotics than the parental strain, suggesting either that the RND efflux pumps involved in the extrusion of these drugs were not working efficiently or that membrane permeability was altered in the mutant. Membranes of the cls mutant strain seemed to be more rigid than those of the parental strain, as observed by measurements of fluorescence polarization using the DPH probe, which intercalates into the membranes. Ethidium bromide is pumped out in Pseudomonas putida by at least one RND efflux pump involved in antibiotic and solvent resistance, and the higher rate of accumulation of ethidium bromide inside mutant cells indicated that functioning of the efflux pumps was compromised as a consequence of the alteration in phospholipid head group composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

A Pseudomonas putida cardiolipin synthesis mutant exhibits increased sensitivity to drugs related to transport functionality

Bernal

Muñoz‐Rojas

Hurtado

et al. 2007

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Changes in outer membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) after exposure to solvents have been monitored in various bacteria (Pinkart et al, 1996;Weber and de Bont, 1996). LPS molecules are made up of a polysaccharide chain and several saturated fatty acids and have low permeability for hydrophobic compounds.…”

Section: Alterations In Other Membrane Components In Response To Orgamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPS molecules are made up of a polysaccharide chain and several saturated fatty acids and have low permeability for hydrophobic compounds. The LPS structure of P. putida strain Idaho changed in response to xylene exposure, which possibly reduces the permeability for xylene (Pinkart et al, 1996). However, there is no conclusive evidence yet that can explain satisfactorily the role of the outer membrane LPS in solvent resistance.…”

Section: Alterations In Other Membrane Components In Response To Orgamentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple responses of Gram‐negative bacteria to organic solvents

Segura

Duque

Mosqueda

et al. 1999

Environmental Microbiology

114

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“…Aromatic hydrocarbon-tolerant P. putida strains use several mechanisms to resist high solvent concentrations (Ramos et al, 2002;Santos et al, 2004;Roma-Rodrigues et al, 2010). The first resistance system takes place at the membrane; contact with solvents induces membrane alterations (Heipieper et al, 1992;Pinkart et al, 1996). A common mechanism to all P. putida strains is the isomerization of cis-unsaturated fatty acids into the corresponding trans isomers, which allow a denser packing of the membranes (Sikkema et al, 1995).…”

Section: Pseudomonas Putida As a Model To Study Tolerance To Toxic Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional control of the main aromatic hydrocarbon efflux pump in Pseudomonas

Fillet

Daniels

Pini

et al. 2011

Environ Microbiol Rep

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Bacteria of the species Pseudomonas putida are ubiquitous soil inhabitants, and a few strains are able to thrive in the presence of extremely high concentrations of toxic solvents such as toluene and related aromatic hydrocarbons. Toluene tolerance is multifactorial in the sense that bacteria use a wide range of physiological and genetic changes to overcome solvent damage. This includes enhanced membrane impermeabilization through cis to trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids, activation of a stress response programme, and induction of efflux pumps that expulse toxic hydrocarbons to the outer medium. The most relevant element in this toluene tolerance arsenal is the TtgGHI efflux pump controlled by the TtgV regulator. We discuss here how TtgV controls expression of this efflux pump in response to solvents.

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Cell Envelope Changes in Solvent-Tolerant and Solvent-Sensitive Pseudomonas putida Strains following Exposure to o-Xylene

Cited by 137 publications

References 29 publications

A Pseudomonas putida cardiolipin synthesis mutant exhibits increased sensitivity to drugs related to transport functionality

A Pseudomonas putida cardiolipin synthesis mutant exhibits increased sensitivity to drugs related to transport functionality

Multiple responses of Gram‐negative bacteria to organic solvents

Transcriptional control of the main aromatic hydrocarbon efflux pump in Pseudomonas

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