Cell interaction by means of soluble factors (gamones) in conjugation of Blepharisma intermedium

Miyake, Akio; Beyer, Jens

doi:10.1016/0014-4827(73)90413-8

Cited by 97 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Muller, 1773 stock Ch-2 (collected in Chieti, Italy), were cultured in SMB and fed with C. elongatum. Dileptus margaritifer, formerly D. anser, stock SHL-BB , was cultured in SMB and fed with a small ciliate, Sathrophilus sp., grown in boiled lettuce medium inoculated with Enterobacter aerogenes 2 days before use (Miyake & Beyer 1973). Blepharisma japonicum Suzuki, 1954 stock R1072 (Harumoto et al 1998), Paramecium tetraurelia Sonneborn, 1975 stock 51 (Miyake et al 2003), Spirostomum ambiguum Ehrenberg, 1835 stock Pol-5 (collected in Policoro, Italy) and Spirostomum teres Claparede et Lachmann, 1858 stock Pol-1 (Buonanno 2005), were cultured in bacterized culture medium.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protozoan toxin climacostol and its derivatives: Cytotoxicity studies on 10 species of free-living ciliates

Buonanno

Ortenzi

2010

Biologia

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Climacostol (5-(Z)-non-2-enyl-benzene-1,3-diol) is a natural toxin isolated from the freshwater ciliated protozoan Climacostomum virens and belongs to resorcinolic lipids, a group of compounds that show antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and anticancer activities. We investigated the cytotoxic activity of the chemically synthesized toxin and its alkyl and alkynyl derivatives on C. virens and nine other common species of free-living freshwater ciliates. Our results show that the cytotoxic potency of climacostol can be modulated by the substitution of the double bond present in the aliphatic chain of the toxin with a single or a triple one that was previously obtained during the synthesis of the unsaturated and saturated derivatives of the parent molecule. We demonstrated that the cytotoxicity level of the molecules considered in this study appears to be inversely correlated to the unsaturation level of their aliphatic chains, and that the potency of their action is also related to the target organism.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protozoan toxin climacostol and its derivatives: Cytotoxicity studies on 10 species of free-living ciliates

Buonanno

Ortenzi

2010

Biologia

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“…It was cultured in a balanced salt solution called SMB (1.5 mM NaCl, 0.05 mM KCl, 0.4 mM CaCl2, 0.05 mM MgCl2, 0.05 mM MgSO4, 2 mM Na-phosphate buffer pH 6.8, 2 × 10 −3 mM EDTA) (Miyake 1981) and fed with a ciliate, Paramecium tetraurelia Sonneborn, 1975 (approx. 140 × 50 µm) stock 51 (Miyake et al 2003), grown in boiled lettuce medium inoculated with Enterobacter aerogenes 2 days before use (Miyake & Beyer 1973). Spirostomum ambiguum (approx.…”

Section: Organisms and Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changes in the predatory behavior of the microturbellarian Stenostomum sphagnetorum on two species of toxin-secreting ciliates of the genus Spirostomum

Buonanno

2011

Biologia

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It is known that the microturbellarian Stenostomum sphagnetorum, a common ciliate predator, is very sensitive against different types of toxins produced by other ciliates for chemical defense, and consequently, it is not able to capture and ingests these ciliates. In particular, when the predator tries to attack one of these toxin-secreting ciliates, it is forced to regurgitate the captured prey in response to the toxin discharged from the ciliates. In this study it is shown that after repeated attacks by S. sphagnetorum against two species of toxic ciliates (Spirostomum ambiguum and Spirostomum teres), the predator acquires a behavior of prey selection that leads to the exclusion of these ciliates among the possible prey and to the distinction between edible and inedible (toxic) ciliates. This learned behavior, which is maintained for days, is lost only after the asexual reproduction of the microturbellarian. In addition, S. sphagnetorum learns to recognize and avoid specimens of S. ambiguum and S. teres artificially deprived of their toxins, strongly suggesting that the toxins are not exclusively associated in the prey recognition of the microturbellarian.

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“…In heterotrichs, micronuclear function and formation of the macronucleus is not well understood. Conjugation is observed in Blepharisma (Giese, 1973;Miyake & Beyer, 1973). In Spirostomum, conjugation is rare, but macronuclear development with well-organized chromosomes has been described by Rao (1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronuclear DNA in Stentor coeruleus: a first approach to its characterization

Pelvat

Haller

1976

Genet. Res.

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SUMMARYThe macronuclei of Stentor coeruleus were isolated on a discontinuous sucrose gradient and their DNA was purified by conventional methods. The GC content was 32 mole %. The DNA banded as a single peak on analytical ultracentrifugation at 1-691 g/cm 3 . The molecular weight of the DNA was 5 x 10 6 to 4 x 10 7 daltons. Genome size determined by DNA-DNA reassociation kinetics was 6 x 10 10 daltons. The macronuclear genome was mostly simple, about 85 % being made of non-repetitive sequences.

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Cell interaction by means of soluble factors (gamones) in conjugation of Blepharisma intermedium

Cited by 97 publications

References 8 publications

The protozoan toxin climacostol and its derivatives: Cytotoxicity studies on 10 species of free-living ciliates

The protozoan toxin climacostol and its derivatives: Cytotoxicity studies on 10 species of free-living ciliates

The changes in the predatory behavior of the microturbellarian Stenostomum sphagnetorum on two species of toxin-secreting ciliates of the genus Spirostomum

Macronuclear DNA in Stentor coeruleus: a first approach to its characterization

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