Cell mediated immunity and specific IgG1 and IgG2 antibody response in natural and experimental canine leishmaniosis

Leandro, Clara; Santos‐Gomes, Gabriela; Campino, Lenea; Romão, Pedro Roosevelt Torres; Cortes, Sofia; Rolão, Nuno; Gomes-Pereira, Sandra; Capela, M.; Abranches, P.

doi:10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00270-7

Cited by 63 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Earlier studies to determine if specific IgG subclass levels in L. infantum-infected dogs are associated with the clinical outcome and hence with resistance or susceptibility to the disease, produced conflicting results [6,14,24,38]. However, these studies used commercial polyclonal anti-sera to canine IgG1 and IgG2, while we used the same monoclonal antibody panel (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4) previously employed by Quinnell et al [31,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Splenic immune responses during canine visceral leishmaniasis

Strauss-Ayali

Baneth

Jaffe³

2007

Vet. Res.

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-Dogs are the main reservoir host for zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum. In this study we investigated the immune response in spleens of L. infantum-infected dogs by measuring the mRNA expression levels for a wide panel of cytokines, transcription factors and chemokines. mRNA levels and parasite load were followed during 7 months of experimental infection and 14 months post-treatment, and were compared to naturally-infected (NI) dogs. Similarly, serum anti-Leishmania IgG and IgG subclass levels were measured during experimental infection. An increase in IFN-γ, T-bet, IP-10 and RANTES was found in the experimentally and NI dogs, implicating a substantial type-1 immune response during canine visceral leishmaniasis. IL-4, a type-2 associated cytokine, increased as early as one month after experimental infection, while IL-5 was high at later stages. Interestingly, the expression levels of the Treg-associated cytokines, IL-10 and TGF-β, did not change during the infection. Total anti-Leishmania IgG and IgG subclasses increased during the experimental infection. However, no association with specific cytokine patterns was observed. Parasite load in the spleens increased as early as one month postinfection and remained high until treatment. The load was higher in the polysymptomatic NI dogs than in the experimentally-infected dogs. This study indicates that both type-1 and type-2 immune responses occur in the spleen during canine L. infantum infection, and suggests that the early elevation of IL-4 might have a role in the persistence of parasites in the presence of high IFN-γ expression.canine visceral leishmaniasis / IFN-γ / IL-4 / T-bet / IP-10

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Splenic immune responses during canine visceral leishmaniasis

Strauss-Ayali

Baneth

Jaffe³

2007

Vet. Res.

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“…Although some drug formulations such as liposomal antimony have shown some promise, 2 the difficulty of treating symptomatic dogs with the standard antimonial therapy or second line drugs, underscores the need to develop a relevant infection model for preclinical trials. [3][4][5] Experimental infections of dogs have been carried out using a wide range of strategies that included the use of cultured promastigotes [6][7][8] or tissue-derived amastigotes. 6,7,9 Studies have used numbers of parasites that ranged from a few thousand to several million, delivered by the intradermal [10][11][12][13] or intravenous routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5] Experimental infections of dogs have been carried out using a wide range of strategies that included the use of cultured promastigotes [6][7][8] or tissue-derived amastigotes. 6,7,9 Studies have used numbers of parasites that ranged from a few thousand to several million, delivered by the intradermal [10][11][12][13] or intravenous routes. 6,[14][15][16][17] Some of these inoculations included an extract of Lutzomyia longipalpis salivary glands in an unsuccessful attempt to increase parasite pathogenicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Parasitologic, and Immunologic Evolution in Dogs Experimentally Infected with Sand Fly-Derived Leishmania chagasi Promastigotes

Travi¹,

Osorio²,

Saldarriaga³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Experimental infection of dogs with Leishmania infantum has yielded heterogeneous clinical, parasitologic, and immunologic results. We studied dogs infected with 10 5 or 10 4 sand fly-derived promastigotes delivered by the intradermal (ID) or intravenous (IV) routes. Total mortality over 1 year post-infection reached 23.8%. The mortality and proportion of sustained polysymptomatic dogs was highest in the IV-10 5 group. The early appearance of polysymptoms was associated with an increased risk of progression to death. Dissemination of the parasite to lymph nodes was faster, and the subsequent infectivity to sand flies higher, in the IV compared with ID-infected dogs. Parasite-specific IgG1 or IgG2 production was similar among the groups, but higher interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression was associated with polysymptomatic dogs. On the basis of the data obtained from this study, a sample size analysis using different endpoints for future vaccine trials is described.

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“…However, the disease also presents marked levels of parasite-specific antibodies in the sera of VL patients, which have diagnostic relevance as they happen to be the first signs of the infection (9,25,39,41). Hence, a proper correlation of the cellular and humoral responses is key to understanding the disease pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%