Cell shape and epithelial patterning in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Hirano, Masanobu; Neff, David; Collier, Simon

doi:10.4161/fly.3.3.9138

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This germ-band retraction drives the elongation of epidermal cells (Gomez et al, 2016;McCleery et al, 2019). We suggest that the anisotropic pushing by the amnioserosa is likely to be the source of the observed compression, as also suggested previously (Hirano et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Interplay between actomyosin and E-cadherin dynamics regulates cell shape in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Greig

Bulgakova

2020

Journal of Cell Science

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Precise regulation of cell shape is vital for building functional tissues. Here, we study the mechanisms that lead to the formation of highly elongated anisotropic epithelial cells in the Drosophila epidermis. We demonstrate that this cell shape is the result of two counteracting mechanisms at the cell surface that regulate the degree of elongation: actomyosin, which inhibits cell elongation downstream of RhoA (Rho1 in Drosophila) and intercellular adhesion, modulated via clathrin-mediated endocytosis of E-cadherin (encoded by shotgun in flies), which promotes cell elongation downstream of the GTPase Arf1 (Arf79F in Drosophila). We show that these two mechanisms do not act independently but are interconnected, with RhoA signalling reducing Arf1 recruitment to the plasma membrane. Additionally, cell adhesion itself regulates both mechanisms – p120-catenin, a regulator of intercellular adhesion, promotes the activity of both Arf1 and RhoA. Altogether, we uncover a complex network of interactions between cell–cell adhesion, the endocytic machinery and the actomyosin cortex, and demonstrate how this network regulates cell shape in an epithelial tissue in vivo.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Interplay between actomyosin and E-cadherin dynamics regulates cell shape in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Greig

Bulgakova

2020

Journal of Cell Science

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“…The pressure method works only for first and second instar larvae. Hirano et al mounted first instar larvae directly in Hoyer’s medium without pretreatment (Hirano et al, 2009). As an alternative to pricking, third instar larvae can be prepared by incubating in 10% KOH at 70 °C before mounting in Hoyer’s medium (Stern & Sucena, 2011a), or heated, fixed and dissected as described in (Repiso et al, 2010) before the mounting.…”

Section: Mounting Of Adult Larval and Embryonic Tissue To Study Ommamentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for studying planar cell polarity

Olofsson

Axelrod

2014

Methods

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“…Within each segment, cells receiving the Wg signal produce smooth cuticle posteriorly, and cells receiving the Hh signal produce denticles anteriorly (BEJSOVEC AND MARTINEZ ARIAS 1991;SWARUP AND VERHEYEN 2012). The denticle-versus-smooth cell shapes are distinct: whereas the denticle-producing cells are rectangular and arranged in rows with the long edges oriented in the ventrolateral direction (similar to a staggered brick-wall arrangement), the smooth cells are larger and not arranged in rows (HIRANO et al 2009). Mislocalization or abnormal expression of En could cause a transformation of cell fate from non-denticle-producing to denticle-producing cells, resulting in the disorganized denticle belt phenotype we observed in sxtΔ embryos (Figure S4B).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaginal disc growth factors areDrosophilaChitinase-like Proteins with roles in morphogenesis and CO₂response

Sustar

Strand

Zimmerman

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) are members of the family 18 glycosyl hydrolases, which include chitinases and the enzymatically inactive CLPs. A mutation in the enzyme's catalytic site, conserved in vertebrates and invertebrates, allowed CLPs to evolve independently with functions that do not require chitinase activity. CLPs normally function during inflammatory responses, wound healing, and host defense, but when they persist at excessive levels at sites of chronic inflammation and in tissue-remodeling disorders, they correlate positively with disease progression and poor prognosis. However, little is known about their physiological function. Drosophila melanogaster has six CLPS, termed Imaginal disc growth factors (Idgfs), encoded by Idgf1, Idgf2, Idgf3, Idgf4, Idgf5, and Idgf6. In this study we developed tools to facilitate characterization of the physiological roles of the Idgfs by deleting each of the Idgf genes using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and assessing loss-of-function phenotypes. Using null lines, we showed that loss-of-function for all six Idgf proteins significantly lowers fertility and viability and compromises germ cell migration. We also showed that Idgfs play roles in epithelial morphogenesis, maintaining proper epithelial architecture and cell shape, regulating E-cadherin and cortical Actin, and protecting these tissues against CO2 exposure. Defining the normal molecular mechanisms of CLPS is key to understanding how deviations tip the balance from a physiological to a pathological state.

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Cell shape and epithelial patterning in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Interplay between actomyosin and E-cadherin dynamics regulates cell shape in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Interplay between actomyosin and E-cadherin dynamics regulates cell shape in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Methods for studying planar cell polarity

Imaginal disc growth factors areDrosophilaChitinase-like Proteins with roles in morphogenesis and CO₂response

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Cell shape and epithelial patterning in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Interplay between actomyosin and E-cadherin dynamics regulates cell shape in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Interplay between actomyosin and E-cadherin dynamics regulates cell shape in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis

Methods for studying planar cell polarity

Imaginal disc growth factors areDrosophilaChitinase-like Proteins with roles in morphogenesis and CO2response

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Imaginal disc growth factors areDrosophilaChitinase-like Proteins with roles in morphogenesis and CO₂response