Cell structure and impact properties of foamed polystyrene in constrained conditions using supercritical carbon dioxide

Man-man, LI; Cao, Xiaomiao; Luo, Yuanxiang

doi:10.1007/s13726-014-0273-4

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The reason may be that, on the one hand, with the increase of T s , the sorption amount of scCO 2 and the nucleation site decrease. On the other hand, according to the classical nucleation theory, with the increase of T s , the nuclear energy barrier increases and the nucleation rate decreases 34,35 . The decrease in cell density can be attributed to the two factors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition, the super saturation caused by rapid pressure relief can decrease the nucleation energy barrier. 36 Furthermore, silica can act as a heterogeneous nucleation site under high pressure, resulting from further increasing cell density 34,35,37 Figure 7(C1 $ C4) and Figure 7 (C1-3 $ C4-3) show the effect of t p on the cellular morphology and cell size distribution of microcellular PVMQ foams. It can be seen from Figure 8c that with the extension of the t p , the cell density first increases and then decreases, while the cell size decreases, and its distribution is gradually refined.…”

Section: The Cellular Morphology Of the Microcellular Pvmq Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of scCO₂ foaming process and post‐vulcanization method on cellular structure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PMVQ foams

Min

Chen

Luo

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this paper, the microcellular foam materials of methyl vinyl phenyl silicone rubber (PVMQ) were prepared by supercritical foaming technology (SFT) and high temperature compression molding. The effect of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) on the vulcanizing properties of PVMQ composite was investigated because vulcanization of microcellular PVMQ foams played an important role on the cellular structure and mechanical properties. It was found that the sulfurization reaction of PVMQ composite was inhibited by scCO2, which led to reduction of apparent activation energy (Ea) of PVMQ composite. Compared with the existing post‐vulcanization process, the introduction of the high temperature molding can effectively improve the degree of vulcanization of microcellular PVMQ foams, which can solve the problem that the cellular structure will be destroyed during the application of external force. What's more, the mechanical properties of microcellular PVMQ foam were obviously improved. The maximum value of tensile strength and the compressive strength of microcellular PVMQ foam with the high temperature molding respectively increase by 34.7% and 133.3% compared with that of microcellular PVMQ foams with existing post‐vulcanization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: The Cellular Morphology Of the Microcellular Pvmq Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of scCO₂ foaming process and post‐vulcanization method on cellular structure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PMVQ foams

Min

Chen

Luo

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Typically, constrained foaming has been used as the efficient approach for controlling cell structure with smaller cell size because the foaming mold applies the normal stress on the matrix. 25 Li et al 26 reported the foaming condition influences on impact strength and cell structure of PS under constrained foaming. Due to use of the constrained mold in foaming process, at constrained conditions, the cell growth was markedly suppressed, and this led to reduced cell size relative to the cell size under nonconstrained foaming condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell structure and mechanical properties of microcellular PLA foams prepared via autoclave constrained foaming

Chen¹,

Yang

Chen³

et al. 2020

Cellular Polymers

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Microcellular polylactic acid (PLA) foams with various cell size and cell morphologies were prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) solid-state foaming to investigate the relationship between the cell structure and mechanical properties. Constrained foaming was used and a wide range of cell structures with a constant porosity of ∼75% by tuning saturation pressure (8–24 MPa) was developed. Experiments varying the saturation pressure while holding other variables’ constant show that the mean cell size and the mean cell wall thickness decreased, while the cell density and the open porosity increased with increase of pressure. Tensile modulus of PLA foams decreased with increasing the saturation pressure, but the specific tensile modulus of PLA foams was still 15–80% higher than that of solid PLA. Tensile strength and elongation at break first increased with increasing saturation pressure up to 16 MPa and then decreased with further increasing saturation pressure (20 MPa and 24 MPa) at which opened-cell structure produced. Compressive modulus, compressive strength, and compressive yield stress also followed the same variation trend. The results indicated that not only cell size plays an important role in properties of PLA foams but also cell morphology can influence these properties significantly.

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“…Traditionally, the most widespread material used for energy mitigation is metal due to its structural failure and plastic deformation. [3][4][5] Foam-filled columns [6][7][8][9][10][11] and sandwich structures [12][13][14][15][16][17] also show excellent performance in mitigating energy propagation due to their buckling mechanism. Another conventional form for energy absorption is internal damping by polymer composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular dynamics study of a CNT–buckyball-enabled energy absorption system

Chen

Zhang

Becton

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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An energy absorption system (EAS) composed of a carbon nanotube (CNT) with nested buckyballs is put forward for energy dissipation during impact owing to the outstanding mechanical properties of both CNTs and buckyballs. Here we implement a series of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the energy absorption capabilities of several different EASs based on a variety of design parameters. For example, the effects of impact energy, the number of nested buckyballs, and of the size of the buckyballs are analyzed to optimize the energy absorption capability of the EASs by tuning the relevant design parameters. Simulation results indicate that the energy absorption capability of the EAS is closely associated with the deformation characteristics of the confined buckyballs. A low impact energy leads to recoverable deformation of the buckyballs and the dissipated energy is mainly converted to thermal energy. However, a high impact energy yields non-recoverable deformation of buckyballs and thus the energy dissipation is dominated by the strain energy of the EAS. The simulation results also reveal that there exists an optimal value of the number of buckyballs for an EAS under a certain impact energy. Larger buckyballs are able to deform to a larger degree yet also need less impact energy to induce plastic deformation, therefore performing with a better overall energy absorption ability. Overall, the EAS in this study shows a remarkably high energy absorption density of 2 kJ g(-1), it is a promising candidate for mitigating impact energy and sheds light on the research of buckyball-filled CNTs for other applications.

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Cell structure and impact properties of foamed polystyrene in constrained conditions using supercritical carbon dioxide

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of scCO₂ foaming process and post‐vulcanization method on cellular structure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PMVQ foams

Effects of scCO₂ foaming process and post‐vulcanization method on cellular structure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PMVQ foams

Cell structure and mechanical properties of microcellular PLA foams prepared via autoclave constrained foaming

Molecular dynamics study of a CNT–buckyball-enabled energy absorption system

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Cell structure and impact properties of foamed polystyrene in constrained conditions using supercritical carbon dioxide

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of scCO2 foaming process and post‐vulcanization method on cellular structure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PMVQ foams

Effects of scCO2 foaming process and post‐vulcanization method on cellular structure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PMVQ foams

Cell structure and mechanical properties of microcellular PLA foams prepared via autoclave constrained foaming

Molecular dynamics study of a CNT–buckyball-enabled energy absorption system

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Product

Resources

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Effects of scCO₂ foaming process and post‐vulcanization method on cellular structure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PMVQ foams

Effects of scCO₂ foaming process and post‐vulcanization method on cellular structure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PMVQ foams