Cell wall lipopolysaccharides from <i>Neisseria catarrhalis</i>

Adams, G. A.; Tornabene, T. G.; Yaguchi, Makoto

doi:10.1139/m69-067

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Although sugars other than glucosamine have been found in some lipid A preparations [68,69], this appears to be the first report of a lipid A from which this amino sugar is absent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…I n most lipopolysaccharides studied, the lipid and polysaccharide moieties are apparently linked via a ketosidic bond from 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid, although the absence of this sugar from some species has been reported [68,69,73,74]. The probable absence of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid from the lipopolysaccharide of P. rubescens was inferred from the negligible reaction in the thiobarbituric acid test and the failure to detect the free sugar in fraction R2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid, heptose is commonly [2] but not invariably [68,69,77,78] a component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. I n the case of P. pavonacea, heptose seems to be replaced by D-glucose as the major carrier of phosphate residues in the lipopolysaccharide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell Walls, Lipids, and Lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas Species

Wilkinson¹,

Galbraith²,

Lightfoot³

1973

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Cell walls from two EDTA-sensitive and three EDTA-resistant pseudomonads grown in nutrient broth have been analysed. Each wall had a composition broadly characteristic of gramnegative bacteria, although the walls of Pseudomonas pavonacea and P. syncyanea were relatively rich in glycosaminopeptide and loosely-bound lipid, respectively. Phosphatidylglycerol was the only phospholipid common to all species, although phosphatidylethanolamine was absent only from P. diminuta. The latter species contained the distinctive range of glycolipids and a phosphoglucolipid identified previously in cells grown on nutrient agar. However, the glycolipids and an ornithine-containing lipid present in some other species (notably P. rubescens) when grown on nutrient agar were not detected. Except in P. rubescens, the major fatty acids in loosely-bound lipids were CIS, C16:l. and c18:1 acids: in P. rubescens, the major components were CIS, iso-Cl5, and C17:1 acids. Cyclopropane acids occurred in the lipids from P. stutzeri.Components of the lipopolysaccharides were identified and determined. The lipid A fractions contained fatty acids, phosphorus, and (except for P. diminuta) glucosamine. The fatty acids included both hydroxy and non-hydroxy acids. Apart from 2-hydroxydodecanoic acid (present in P. syncyanea), all the hydroxy acids were b-hydroxy acids, and 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid predominated in all species except P. rubescens. Odd-numbered hydroxy acids were minor components in P. diminuta and P. pavonacea and major components (CIS acids) in P. rubescens.The non-hydroxy acids consisted of saturated acids (C12 to C14) and orb-unsaturated acids (dehydration products from the b-hydroxy acids).Unusual features of the polysaccharide fractions from the lipopolysaccharides included the occurrence of non-phosphorylated heptose residues (P. diminuta), the presence of phosphorylated glucose residues and of aspartic acid ( P . pavonacea), the probable absence of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid and the presence of acid-labile galactose residues (P. rubescens), the virtual absence of glucose ( P . stutzeri), and the presence of alanine ( P . syncyanea). Amino sugars (glucosamine, galactosamine, and quinovosamine) occurred in the polysaccharides from P. stutzeri and P. syncyanea only. Following chromatography of the partly degraded polysaccharides on Sephadex, the distribution of components between possible side chain and core regions of the polysaccharides could be determined. The possible sigdcance of the results for the sensitivity of the organisms to EDTA and for their taxonomy is discussed.Although the cell walls and lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria have been studied extensively (see [1,2] for recent reviews), relatively little work has been done with pseudomonads other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Partly because of its outstanding resistance to many antibacterial agents, this organism has become a pathogen of some importance. It is perhaps surprising, therefore, that the

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“…Although sugars other than glucosamine have been found in some lipid A preparations [68,69], this appears to be the first report of a lipid A from which this amino sugar is absent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell Walls, Lipids, and Lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas Species

Wilkinson¹,

Galbraith²,

Lightfoot³

1973

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…In LPS, however, the 6' hydroxyl group is substituted by the oligosaccharide chain. It has previously been claimed that in Neissenia sicca lipid A, a I(1'--4)-linked GlcN disaccharide is present (3). In light of this study, however, N. sicca lipid A should be reinvestigated by applying advanced chemical and physical methodologies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Structural characterization of the lipid A component of pathogenic Neisseria meningitidis

et al. 1992

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The lipid A component of meningococcal lipopolysaccharide was structurally characterized by using chemical modification methods, methylation analysis, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, and laser desorption mass spectroscopy. It was shown that Neisseria meningitidis lipid A consists of a 1,4'-bisphosphorylated 1(1'-+6)-linked D-glucosamine disaccharide (lipid A backbone), both phosphate groups being largely replaced by O-phosphorylethanolamine. This disaccharide harbors two nonsubstituted hydroxyl groups at positions 4 and 6', the latter representing the attachment site of the oligosaccharide portion in lipopolysaccharide. In addition, it is substituted by up to six fatty acid residues. In the major lipid A component, representing a hexaacyl species, the hydroxyl groups at positions 3 and 3' carry (R)-3-hydroxydodecanoic acid [12:0(3-OH)], whereas the amino groups at positions 2 and 2' are substituted by (R)-3-(dodecanoyloxy)tetradecanoic acid Meningococcal infections represent a serious problem for small children and young adults in many parts of the world, the lethality being high even in developed countries (1, 5, 6). The causative agent, Neisseria meningitidis, like other gramnegative bacteria, possesses an endotoxin complex located in the bacterial outer cell membrane. Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) is known to cause or to contribute to the severe symptoms of meningitis, culminating in irreversible shock (37). Meningococci vary in the ability to release endotoxin-containing outer membrane vesicles into the surroundings, both in vitro and in vivo (7). Recent studies performed with N. meningitidis isolates from the nasopharynx of carriers and from cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples from patients with meningococcal infection demonstrated that overproduction and liberation of endotoxin are strongly associated with pathogenicity, regardless of the serological group or serotype of the strain (8, 9).Lipid A represents the principal structural component responsible for the harmful biological activities of LPS (32). To understand the structural parameters required for the expression of endotoxic activity, it appears important to know the precise chemical structure of the lipid A component of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria such as N. meningitidis. The present paper elucidates the primary structure of the lipid A component of N. meningitidis isolated from a strain (M986-NCV1) expressing the serogroup B LPS. It will be shown that this lipid A shares certain structural features with the well-studied enterobacterial lipid A but that it differs significantly in the substitution of the hydrophobic backbone and in the nature and locations of acyl chains. * Corresponding author. MATERIALS AND METHODSMicroorganism and LPS. N. meningitidis M986-NCV1, a nonencapsulated variant of the group B strain M986, was obtained from the culture collection of the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. This strain was grown overnight in tryptic soy broth (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) in 2.8 liters of baffled Fernbach ...

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“…Heptose is absent also from lipopolysaccharides isolated from Neisseria catarrhalis (Adams, Tornabene & Yaguchi, 1969) Paper chromatography of acid hydrolysates was superior to the sulphuric acid-cysteine reaction for the demonstration of heptose. When heptose was present in small amounts with other sugars its absorption peak at 505 nm tended to be lost between the absorptions at 400 to 450 nm and 520 to 550 nm produced by deoxysugars and large amounts of glucose, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Distribution of Heptose and 2-Keto-3-deoxy-octonate in Bacteroidaceae

Hofstad

1974

Journal of General Microbiology

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A survey of phenol-water extracts of I 7 different Fusobacterium and Bacteroides species, including subspecies, and of Leptotrichia buccalis has been carried out using colorimetric and chromatographic techniques to demonstrate the presence of heptose and 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate. Both sugars were found in the water phase of the extracts from Fusobacterium strains and Leptotrichia buccalis. Neither heptose nor 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate were detected in the water or the phenol phase of extracts from strains classified as Bacteroides.

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Cell wall lipopolysaccharides from Neisseria catarrhalis

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

Cell Walls, Lipids, and Lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas Species

Cell Walls, Lipids, and Lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas Species

Structural characterization of the lipid A component of pathogenic Neisseria meningitidis

The Distribution of Heptose and 2-Keto-3-deoxy-octonate in Bacteroidaceae

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