Cellular and Biochemical Effects of Combined X-Ray Radiation and Storage on Whole Blood

Filho, Ivo P. Torres; Torres, Luciana Neves; Barraza, David; Williams, C. E.; Hildreth, Kim

doi:10.1177/15593258211073100

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Balasubramanyam et al 14 showed that gamma irradiation of human blood led to a rise in K+ and fall in Na+, and speculated that a deficit in the activity of Na/K ATPase (Na pump) may be responsible. The rise in K+ and fall in Na+ was later corroborated by Torres et al 13 in rat blood and our group in human blood using x-ray irradiation. 12 The effects of gamma and X-rays appear similar as Johnson et al 11 demonstrated no difference in hemostatic function between the two irradiation types.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Our interest with this study was to determine if whole human blood exposed to high doses of radiation is still useable for transfusion in injured patients. Our lab and others have previously shown irradiation of whole blood has little to no effect on the hemostasis and platelet aggregation in either human or rat blood 11–14 . However, irradiation of whole blood has been shown to change blood chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Standard curves were generated for each metabolite using internal standards that were added to the extraction mix. Internal standards included: ATP‐C 13 for measurement of ATP, GTP, ADP, GDP, inositol tri and monophosphate; cGMP‐Br for measurement of cAMP, cGMP, AMP, and GMP; ADO‐Br for measurement of adenosine, inosine, guanosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, uric acid, NAD, NADH, NADP, NADPH, and all intermediates in the Krebs cycle. Samples were analyzed in triplicate.…”

Section: Study Design and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our lab and others have previously shown irradiation of whole blood has little to no effect on the hemostasis and platelet aggregation in either human or rat blood. [11][12][13][14] However, irradiation of whole blood has been shown to change blood chemistry. Balasubramanyam et al 14 showed that gamma irradiation of human blood led to a rise in K+ and fall in Na+, and speculated that a deficit in the activity of Na/K ATPase (Na pump) may be responsible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of radiation exposure and storage on the energy metabolome of platelets in whole blood

et al. 2023

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Background Exposure to radiation through battlefield use of nuclear weapons, terrorist attacks or accidents at nuclear power plants is a current concern for the military. Beyond the risk of exposure to personnel is the intentional or accidental irradiation of our blood banking supply system. It is unknown how large doses of ionizing radiation affect storage of blood and blood products, including platelets. The major function of platelets is clot formation which includes aggregation, shape change, vesicle release, and fibrinogen attachment; these tasks require a significant amount of energy. Here, we determine whether the ionizing radiation effects the energy metabolome of platelets in storage. Study Design and Methods Fresh whole blood from healthy volunteers was subjected to 0, 25, or 75Gy of X‐irradiation, and stored at 4°C. Platelets were isolated from stored WB at 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21 days of storage. Krebs cycle intermediates, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides, and the tri‐, di, and mono‐ phosphorylated versions of adenosine and guanosine were extracted and measured by tandem mass spectroscopy. Results Irradiation at either 25Gy or 75Gy had no significant effect on the amount of any metabolite measured compared to control (0Gy). However, there was a significant fall over time in storage for most of the metabolites measured. Discussion These data show that irradiation at high doses has no effect on the concentration of the energy metabolome of platelets derived from whole blood stored in 4°C for up to 21 days and suggests that platelets can maintain their metabolome even after radiation exposure.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Study Design and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of radiation exposure and storage on the energy metabolome of platelets in whole blood

et al. 2023

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Single and combined neurotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 5GHz MIMO waves and computed tomography irradiation in male Wistar rats

Obajuluwa,

Lech,

Amina

et al. 2023

Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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Hemoglobin Oxidation Reactions in Stored Blood

Alayash

2022

Antioxidants

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Hemoglobin (Hb) inside and outside the red blood cells (RBCs) undergoes constant transformation to an oxidized form in a process known as autoxidation. The ferrous heme iron (Fe2+) of the prosthetic group is spontaneously transformed into an oxidized ferric (Fe3+) form, but under oxidative stress conditions a higher oxidation ferryl heme (Fe4+) is also formed. Although Fe3+ is a non-functional form of Hb, the Fe4+ is also extremely reactive towards other biological molecules due to its high redox potential. The RBC contains an effective reductive machinery that maintains Hb in the functional form with little oxidation during its life span. The redox transformation of Hb occurs to a lesser extent in young RBCs; it may, however, have detrimental effects on the integrity of these cells during ex vivo storage or when RBCs are subjected to pathogen reduction processes. In this review, Hb oxidation reactions (“oxidative lesion”) will be described, including details of how these reactions might impact the clinical use of stored or processed blood for therapeutic purposes.

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Cellular and Biochemical Effects of Combined X-Ray Radiation and Storage on Whole Blood

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of radiation exposure and storage on the energy metabolome of platelets in whole blood

Effects of radiation exposure and storage on the energy metabolome of platelets in whole blood

Single and combined neurotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 5GHz MIMO waves and computed tomography irradiation in male Wistar rats

Hemoglobin Oxidation Reactions in Stored Blood

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