Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Methylmercury Neurotoxicity and Neuroinflammation

Novo, João Pedro Ferreira da Costa; Martins, Beatriz; Raposo, Ramon da Silva; Pereira, Frederico C.; Oriá, Reinaldo B.; Malva, João O.; Ribeiro, Carlos

doi:10.3390/ijms22063101

Cited by 54 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 221 publications

(447 reference statements)

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“…Mercury has been well established as a neurotoxic factor, including its involvement in several malignancies as a result of organic mercury exposure (mostly methylmercury, MeHg) via dietary consumption (e.g., contaminated seafood, grains etc. ), medical treatment (e.g., syphilis treatment or teething powder), occupational settings (e.g., chronic exposure to mercury vapors) or any other form of exposure to mercury pollution in the environment [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Mercury Poisoning and Its Link To Developmental Disabilities And Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The myth of vaccination and autism spectrum

Gabis

Attia

Goldman

et al. 2022

European Journal of Paediatric Neurology

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Background Among all of the studied potential causes of autism, vaccines have received some of the most scrutiny and have been the topic of many evidence-based studies. These efforts have led the great majority of scientists, physicians, and public health researchers to refute causation between vaccines and autism. Rationale This presumed association and concern has been a major contributor to parents’ refusal to immunize their children and has become a major threat to public health in secluded populations over the last two decades, even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. With the emergence of COVID-19 immunizations, sentiments towards this topic were addressed as a public health concern that may influence the ability to overcome the Corona virus worldwide. Scientific review of data Despite the overwhelming data demonstrating that there is no link between vaccines and autism, many parents are hesitant to immunize their children because of the alleged association. Other contributing factors to the myths and conspiracy theories surrounding the association between vaccines and autism include the fact that the diagnosis of autism is typically made after the age of receiving the main childhood immunizations, as well as the occasional occurrence of regression after the age of first year vaccinations. In spite of vast evidence that the main contribution to the increase in incidence is from improvement of the diagnostic process, this rapid and publicized rise in autism diagnoses feeds parental concerns regarding any medical intervention that may be associated with the health of their children. Recommandations It is plausible that with more evidence-based studies linking autism to specific etiologies the myth will diminish and disappear eventually. In an era where conspiracy theories are prevalent on social media, it is critical that evidence-based studies relating autism to specific etiologies be made public, and that information concerning autism diagnosis and causes be made more readily available through social media and parental organizations.

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Section: Mercury Poisoning and Its Link To Developmental Disabilities And Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The myth of vaccination and autism spectrum

Gabis

Attia

Goldman

et al. 2022

European Journal of Paediatric Neurology

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“…Chronic exposure to Hg can result in a number of health consequences, including disorders of the nervous system and kidneys ( Johnson-Arbor et al, 2021 ; Novo et al, 2021 ). Metallic Hg enters the body via inhalation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury Content in Dietary Supplements From Poland Containing Ingredients of Plant Origin: A Safety Assessment

et al. 2021

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Mercury (Hg) is a fairly common environmental pollutant. Chronic exposure to this element may cause, inter alia, kidney damage, and disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system. Literature data indicate that food, including dietary supplements (DS), may sometimes be contaminated with Hg. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess Hg content in DS containing ingredients of plant origin. The study covered 200 DS available for sale in Poland. Hg content was determined by using the AAS method with the amalgamation technique using the AMA-254 analyzer. The highest average Hg content was found in preparations used as adjuncts for lowering glucose levels (23.97 ± 38.56 μg/kg). The highest percentage of PTWI (1.143%) was found in DS aimed at improving vitality. Due to the fact that DS are commonly used, their quality should be constantly monitored.

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“…Epidemiological and experimental studies have reported the vulnerability of the developing brain to environmental pollutants such as MeHg, the most toxic form of mercury, including a decrease in cell proliferation in the developing neural tube [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Several mechanisms have been suggested, including negative effects on neurotransmitter systems, induction of oxidative stress, microtubule disruption, and intracellular calcium homeostasis disturbance [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The fundamental toxicological mechanism related to the CNS damage appears to rely on the induction of an excessive amount of synaptic glutamate (i.e., inhibition of reuptake by astrocytes), as well as stimulation of neuronal release of this neurotransmitter, consequently leading to excitotoxicity and cell death [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylmercury plus Ethanol Exposure: How Much Does This Combination Affect Emotionality?

Luz

Cartágenes

Silveira

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Mercury is a heavy metal found in organic and inorganic forms that represents an important toxicant with impact on human health. Mercury can be released in the environment by natural phenoms (i.e., volcanic eruptions), industrial products, waste, or anthropogenic actions (i.e., mining activity). Evidence has pointed to mercury exposure inducing neurological damages related to emotional disturbance, such as anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The mechanisms that underlie these emotional disorders remain poorly understood, although an important role of glutamatergic pathways, alterations in HPA axis, and disturbance in activity of monoamines have been suggested. Ethanol (EtOH) is a psychoactive substance consumed worldwide that induces emotional alterations that have been strongly investigated, and shares common pathophysiological mechanisms with mercury. Concomitant mercury and EtOH intoxication occur in several regions of the world, specially by communities that consume seafood and fish as the principal product of nutrition (i.e., Amazon region). Such affront appears to be more deleterious in critical periods of life, such as the prenatal and adolescence period. Thus, this review aimed to discuss the cellular and behavioral changes displayed by the mercury plus EtOH exposure during adolescence, focused on emotional disorders, to answer the question of whether mercury plus EtOH exposure intensifies depression, anxiety, and insomnia observed by the toxicants in isolation.

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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Methylmercury Neurotoxicity and Neuroinflammation

Cited by 54 publications

References 221 publications

The myth of vaccination and autism spectrum

The myth of vaccination and autism spectrum

Mercury Content in Dietary Supplements From Poland Containing Ingredients of Plant Origin: A Safety Assessment

Methylmercury plus Ethanol Exposure: How Much Does This Combination Affect Emotionality?

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