Cellular Antioxidant Activity and Whitening Effects of Dendropanax morbifera Leaf Extracts

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activities on HaCaT and the whitening effects on B16F1 melanoma cells of Dendropanax morbifera leaf extract. In an antioxidative activity assay using HaCaT cells, the ethyl acetate (50 μg/ml) and aglycone fractions (25 μg/ml) of the D. morbifera leaf extract didn't exhibit any characteristics of cytotoxicity. When HaCaT cells were exposed to a single large dose (800 mJ/cm 2 ) of UVB, the extracts protected the cells against UVB radiation. When HaCaT cells were treated with 10 mM H 2 O 2 and 4 μM rose bengal, the ethyl acetate (6.25~50 μg/ml) and aglycone (6.25~25 μg/ml) fractions protected the cells against oxidative damage in a concentration dependent manner. When the whitening effects of D. morbifera leaf extract were tested in melanoma B16/F1 cells treated with the a-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), the extracts inhibited α-MSH-stimulated intra/extracellular melanogenesis in a concentration dependent manner. The inhibitory effects of the ethyl acetate and aglycone fractions of D. morbifera leaf extract were 21% and 44% at 25 μg/ml, respectively. Both are more effective than arbutin (15% at 25 μg/ml) which is known as a whitening agent. These results indicate that fractions of the D. morbifera leaf can function as cell protectants and natural antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skins exposed to UV radiation by quenching and/or scavenging 1 O 2 and other ROS, and protecting cells against ROS. In addition, fractions of the D. morbifera leaf can be applied to new whitening cosmetics because of their inhibitory effects on α-MSH stimulated melanogenesis in B16F1 melanoma cells.

Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract for mouthwash and denture cleaning solution

“…The cytotoxicity test performed using Human keratinocyte cells in a previous study revealed that the Dendropanax morbifera Léveille leaf extracts exhibited no cytotoxicity at concentrations lower than 50 µm/mL. 36 This result was distinct from the results obtained using HNOK cells in this study; however, this is believed to be a result of the difference in cell sensitivities.…”

Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Sorghum bicolor on IBMX–Induced Melanogenesis in B16/F10 Melanoma Cells

“…Also, Maresca et al [27] reported that removal of ROS with antioxidants is effective in inhibiting melanin biosynthesis. A recent study reported that the ethyl acetate and aglycone fractions of Dendropanax morbifera leaf can act as skin cell protectants and natural antioxidants by protecting HaCaT cells against oxidative stress [28]. Moreover, treatment with the same fractions showed a better anti-melanogenic effect than arbutin, used as a positive control, against α-MSH-induced excessive melanin generation in B16/F10 melanoma cells [28].…”

Anti‑inflammatory effects of Dendropanax�morbifera in lipopolysaccharide‑stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and in an animal model of atopic dermatitis

“…D. morbifera , known as Dendro, means ‘omnipotent drug’ (Panax), and has been called the panacea tree. Various ongoing studies on D. morbifera are aiming to determine its medicinal uses (20–24). D. morbifera leaves are composed of 70.2% water, 1.2% protein, 2.7% fat, 1.7% ash, 56.9 mg% vitamin C and 746 mg% water soluble tannins; 32 types of substances have been identified with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.…”

“…Recent studies have revealed that polyacetylene compounds isolated from D. morbifera leaves have anti-complement activity, whereas ethanol extracts promote the actions of B- and T-cells (20,23). D. morbifera sap inhibited melanin biosynthesis by reducing the expression of tyrosinase in melanin synthesis, and the ethyl acetate fraction extracted from D. morbifera leaves also exhibited cell protective and skin whitening effects, such as antioxidant properties and tyrosinase inhibition (24). However, few studies or animal experiments have been conducted on the mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory properties.…”