Cellular effects of acute exposure to high peak power microwave systems: Morphology and toxicology

Ibey, Bennett L.; Roth, Caleb C.; Ledwig, Patrick; Payne, Jerry A.; Amato, Alayna L.; Dalzell, Danielle R.; Bernhard, Joshua A.; Doroski, Michael W.; Mylacraine, Kevin S.; Seaman, Ronald L.; Nelson, Gregg; Woods, Clifford W.

doi:10.1002/bem.21962

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Due to the extensive application of electromagnetic wave and high-power microwave technology, increasing attention is being paid to the potential health risks associated with them [Kheifets et al, 2006;Ibey et al, 2016;Elwood and Wood, 2019;de Seze et al, 2020]. However, conclusions from research on their biological implications have been vague, and there has been no clear conclusion, especially on non-thermal effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed High‐Peak Power Microwaves at 9.4 GHz Do Not Affect Basic Endpoints in Caenorhabditis elegans

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2021

Bioelectromagnetics

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Because of the extensive application of electromagnetic technology, its health impact on humans has attracted widespread attention. Due to the lack of a model organism with a stable response to electromagnetic waves, the research conclusions on the biological effects of electromagnetic waves have been vague. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of irradiation by pulsed 9.4 GHz high-power microwaves with a peak power density of 2126 W/cm 2 using Caenorhabditis elegans. The development, movement, egg production, ROS, and lifespan of C. elegans were detected at different times after irradiation with different repetitive frequencies of 10, 20, and 50 Hz for 30 min. The results indicated that no obvious changes in basic life indices were induced compared with the sham radiation group, but the survival rate of positive control was significantly decreased compared with other groups, which is of interest for microwave protection research based on C. elegans and provides data for updating safety standards with respect to pulsed high-peak power microwave. Bioelectromagnetics. 43:5-13, 2022.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed High‐Peak Power Microwaves at 9.4 GHz Do Not Affect Basic Endpoints in Caenorhabditis elegans

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2021

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…In rare but probable cases of fault removal activities such as antenna replacement as in the Table, there can be elevated SAR values in the heads and torsos of the maintenance people.In general, maintenance people will be exposed to base station EMR for about 2.5 h per day based on 50 sites per responsibility area. The immediate effects [3,4,12] and long-term effects [8] are available in academic studies. Recent studies showed much more subtle effects [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This exposure raises concerns and questions about the impact of the EMR on human health and life. A number of papers were devoted to the issue of bioelectromagnetic effects [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. These include cellular, immunological, hematological, auditory level responses to EMR exposure such as heat shock protein secretions, protein leakages, cellular ion channel anomalies, blood sugar level fluctuations, and hearing loss, as well as cognitive function degradations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic radiation exposure of multioperator co-sited urban base stations

Uluaydin¹,

Dlugosz²,

Şeker³

2019

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Mobile network operators (MNOs) concurrently use different generations of wireless technologies. The base stations (BSs) of different technology generations are co-located in order to decrease operational costs. Furthermore, the MNOs cooperate in order to co-site their base stations. Such an urban site includes more than 25 actively radiating antennas on average with different frequencies and modulations. Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) measurements performed in such an environment may have reduced accuracy. In this paper, the authors propose a new approach for the measurement of EMR in multiple mobile technology interwoven urban BS sites, where more than one operator exists. The maintenance activities are also investigated with their frequency of occurrence and their duration for EMR exposure assessment and the statistics are reported for the first time in academia. On sampling the signal strength and radiation in different positions for the tested urban sites, electrical field strengths as high as 90 V/m were observed. The results are classified according to frequency bands and possible technologies. The probable bioelectromagnetic effects of such EMR exposure on maintenance workers are discussed with the provision of statistical data of co-located BSs and their maintenance activities. A new occupational EMR exposure risk assessment approach is proposed by taking into consideration the massive multiinput multioutput (MIMO) antenna technology.

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“…This exposure creates a risk which is currently the subject of studies in bioe-lectromagnetics experiments. Particularly important issues are biomedical studies exploring the effects of EMFs on humans [3,5,18,23,30,37,41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Methods in Loss Tangent of Honey - Properties Analysis

Dlugosz¹,

Pentoś²

2022

zntj

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Background. The quality assessments of food products often involve evaluating their electrical properties, including impedance, permittivity and dielectric loss factor. The measurements of food electrical characteristics provide an interesting alternative to time-consuming and expensive methods based on chemical parameter measurements. This report describes investigations into the effects of frequency on the electrical properties of honey. Specifically, honey electrical properties were tested under an electromagnetic field with frequency ranging from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. Results and conclusion. Both experimental and numerical methods were used in this study. Double verification yielded identical results, which confirmed that the numerical method applied and the computational conditions were selected appropriately. The most important feature and the most significant advantage of the numerical approach is the possibility to predict the behavior of the actual object based on its mathematical model. It is much easier and faster to perform computer simulations than to perform the corresponding measurements under real-life conditions. Numerical simulations are also extremely useful when experiments are too dangerous to perform, i.e. when the electromagnetic field being studied can pose a threat to the health or life of a tested subject. The main drawbacks of computer simulations are the restraints of computing resources and the long duration of calculations.

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Cellular effects of acute exposure to high peak power microwave systems: Morphology and toxicology

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Pulsed High‐Peak Power Microwaves at 9.4 GHz Do Not Affect Basic Endpoints in Caenorhabditis elegans

Pulsed High‐Peak Power Microwaves at 9.4 GHz Do Not Affect Basic Endpoints in Caenorhabditis elegans

Electromagnetic radiation exposure of multioperator co-sited urban base stations

Numerical Methods in Loss Tangent of Honey - Properties Analysis

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