Cellular immunologic responses to cochlear implantation in the human

Nadol, Joseph B.; O’Malley, Jennifer T.; Burgess, Barbara J.; Galler, Donald

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2014.09.007

Cited by 97 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Delayed changes are due to both insertional trauma and to a host tissue response to the electrode consisting of inflammation, fibrosis and neo-osteogenesis (Li et al, 2007; Somdas et al, 2007; Fayad et al, 2009). These changes have been reported in several histopathological studies of temporal bone specimens from patients who in life had undergone cochlear implantation (Nadol and Eddington, 2004; Nadol et al, 2008; Fayad et al, 2009; Nadol et al, 2014; Seyyedi and Nadol, 2014a). Nadol and Eddington (2004) reported a robust fibrous and bony tissue response in all 21 ears at the cochleostomy site and an inflammatory cellular response in 12 of the 21 temporal bones.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Nadol et al (2008) have suggested an immunologic response to the electrode as a possible explanation in some cases of “soft failure” of cochlear implantation. Nadol et al (2014) have suggested that a foreign body response may in certain cases result in migration or even extrusion of the electrode. Seyyedi and Nadol (2014a) reported fibrosis and new bone formation in all 28 temporal bones and a foreign body giant cell infiltration and granulomatous reaction in 27 of 28 temporal bones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Correlation between word recognition score and intracochlear new bone and fibrous tissue after cochlear implantation in the human

2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cochlear implantation is an effective, established procedure for patients with profound deafness. Although implant electrodes have been considered as biocompatible prostheses, surgical insertion of the electrode induces various changes within the cochlea. Immediate changes include insertional trauma to the cochlea. Delayed changes include a tissue response consisting of inflammation, fibrosis and neo-osteogenesis induced by trauma and an immunologic reaction to a foreign body. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of these delayed changes on the word recognition scores achieved post-operatively. Seventeen temporal bones from patients who in life had undergone cochlear implantation were prepared for light microscopy. We digitally calculated the volume of fibrous tissue and new bone within the cochlea using Amira ® threedimensional reconstruction software and assessed the correlations of various clinical and histologic factors. The postoperative CNC word score was positively correlated with total spiral ganglion cell count. Fibrous tissue and new bone were found within the cochlea of all seventeen specimens. The postoperative CNC word score was negatively correlated with the % volume of new bone within the scala tympani, scala media/vestibuli and the cochlea, but not with the % volume of fibrous tissue. The % volume of new bone in the scala media/vestibuli was positively correlated with the degree of intracochlear insertional trauma, especially trauma to the basilar membrane. Our results revealed that the % volume of new bone as well as residual total spiral ganglion cell count are important factors influencing post-implant hearing performance. New bone formation may be reduced by limiting insertional trauma and increasing the biocompatibility of the electrodes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between word recognition score and intracochlear new bone and fibrous tissue after cochlear implantation in the human

2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The observed histopathology did not offer a morphologic reason for this decrement. The histopathological findings in the implanted ear were similar to those of previous reports in other causes of deafness (21,22).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Histopathology of the Human Inner Ear in a Patient With Sensorineural Hearing Loss Caused by a Variant in DFNA5

Nadol

Handzel

Amr

2015

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent studies that apply IHC in human inner ear celloidin-embedded sections have shown the presence of specific markers for macrophages/microglia: CD163 + , Iba1 + and CD68 + (O’Malley et al 2015). Nadol et al (2014) identified B (CD20) and T cells (CD3) as well as macrophages (CD68) in temporal bones from individuals that received cochlea implants. Jung et al (2016) identified CD45 in celloidin sections of an individual diagnosed with recent onset of Cogan’s syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical techniques for the human inner ear

López

Ishiyama

Hosokawa

et al. 2016

Histochem Cell Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this review, we provide a description of the recent methods used for immunohistochemical staining of the human inner ear using formalin-fixed frozen, paraffin and celloidin-embedded sections. We also show the application of these immunohistochemical methods in auditory and vestibular endorgans microdissected from the human temporal bone. We compare the advantages and disadvantages of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the different types of embedding media. IHC in frozen and paraffin-embedded sections yields a robust immunoreactive signal. Both frozen and paraffin sections would be the best alternative in the case where celloidin-embedding technique is not available. IHC in whole endorgans yields excellent results and can be used when desiring to detect regional variations of protein expression in the sensory epithelia. One advantage of microdissection is that the tissue is processed immediately and IHC can be made within 1 week of temporal bone collection. A second advantage of microdissection is the excellent preservation of both morphology and antigenicity. Using celloidin-embedded inner ear sections, we were able to detect several antigens by IHC and immunofluorescence using antigen retrieval methods. These techniques, previously applied only in animal models, allow for the study of numerous important proteins expressed in the human temporal bone potentially opening up a new field for future human inner ear research.

show abstract

Cellular immunologic responses to cochlear implantation in the human

Cited by 97 publications

References 30 publications

Correlation between word recognition score and intracochlear new bone and fibrous tissue after cochlear implantation in the human

Correlation between word recognition score and intracochlear new bone and fibrous tissue after cochlear implantation in the human

Histopathology of the Human Inner Ear in a Patient With Sensorineural Hearing Loss Caused by a Variant in DFNA5

Immunohistochemical techniques for the human inner ear

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About