Shape-memory and self-healing polymers
have been a hotspot of research
in the field of smart polymers in the past decade. Under external
stimulation, shape-memory and self-healing polymers can complete programed
shape transformation, and they can spontaneously repair damage, thereby
extending the life of the materials. In this review, we focus on the
progress in polymers with shape-memory and self-healing properties
in the past decade. The physical or chemical changes in the materials
during the occurrence of shape memory as well as self-healing were
analyzed based on the polymer molecular structure. We classified the
polymers and discussed the preparation methods for shape-memory and
self-healing polymers based on the dynamic interactions which can
make the polymers exhibit self-healing properties including dynamic
covalent bonds (DA reaction, disulfide exchange reaction, imine exchange
reaction, alkoxyamine exchange reaction, and boronic acid ester exchange
reaction) and dynamic noncovalent interactions (crystallization, hydrogen
bonding, ionic interaction, metal coordination interaction, hostâguest
interactions, and hydrophobic interactions) and their corresponding
triggering conditions. In addition, we discussed the advantages and
the mechanism that the shape-memory property promotes self-healing
in polymers, as well as the future trends in shape-memory and self-healing
polymers.