Cellulose nanofibrils as a replacement for xanthan gum (XGD) in water based muds (WBMs) to be used in shale formations

Villada, Yurany Andrea Villada; Iglesias, María Celeste; Casís, Natalia; Erdmann, Eleonora; Peresin, María Soledad; Estenoz, Diana Alejandra

doi:10.1007/s10570-018-2081-z

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…to synthesize salt-tolerant CNCs. [270] The combined use of polyaionic cellulose (PAC), a common filtration controlling agent, with CNMs (S-CNCs, [78] UN-NFC, [273] and LNFC, [274,275] ) resulted in much improved rheological and filtration properties. The development of low-bentonite or even bentonite-free WDFs helps provide high drilling rates, easy fluid control and maintenance, low friction in drilling assembly, thin filter cakes, and few pipe sticking problems.…”

Section: Drilling Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermo‐thickening CNCs were manufactured by surface grafting of poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid) and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) through free‐radical graft polymerization, [ 272 ] whereas poly(acrylamide) and poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid) were coated on the surface of C‐CNCs through in situ radical polymerization to synthesize salt‐tolerant CNCs. [ 270 ] The combined use of polyaionic cellulose (PAC), a common filtration controlling agent, with CNMs (S‐CNCs, [ 78 ] UN‐NFC, [ 273 ] and LNFC, [ 274,275 ] ) resulted in much improved rheological and filtration properties.…”

Section: Emerging Applications Of Cnms As Rheology Modifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications

et al. 2021

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of nanomaterials from green, low-cost, abundant, renewable, and biodegradable natural resources. One such attractive bioresource is cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on earth, which is widely present in various forms of renewable biomass, such as trees, plants, tunicates, and bacteria.Structurally, cellulose is a linear, high molecular weight polysaccharide with repeating glucose units linked by 1-4 glycosidic bonds. Owing to the presence of hydroxyl groups, those linear chains of glucose units link together through van der Waals forces and intermolecular hydrogen bonding to form elementary fibrils, which are further packed into larger aggregates known as microfibrils. [3] Cellulose fibrils consist of disordered (amorphous) regions and highly ordered (crystalline) regions. In the crystalline regions, cellulose chains are closely packed together in highly ordered fashion (parallel to the direction of fibril length), dictated by the intricate intraand intermolecular hydrogen bonding; whereas in the amorphous regions, cellulose chain stacking is less ordered and not as closely packed. Therefore, the amorphous regions are more vulnerable to both physical disintegration and chemical hydrolysis in comparison with crystalline regions. When cellulose is prepared in nano-scale fibrillar or crystalline forms, it is broadly referred to as cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs).The isolation, characterization, modification, and application of CNMs are currently receiving much attention. Understanding Cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs), mainly including nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), have attained enormous interest due to their sustainability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, nanoscale dimensions, large surface area, facile modification of surface chemistry, as well as unique optical, mechanical, and rheological performance. One of the most fascinating properties of CNMs is their aqueous suspension rheology, i.e., CNMs helping create viscous suspensions with the formation of percolation networks and chemical interactions (e.g., van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction/repulsion, and hydrophobic attraction). Under continuous shearing, CNMs in an aqueous suspension can align along the flow direction, producing shear-thinning behavior. At rest, CNM suspensions regain some of their initial structure immediately, allowing rapid recovery of rheological properties. These unique flow features enable CNMs to serve as rheological modifiers in a wide range of fluid-based applications. Herein, the dependence of the rheology of CNM suspensions on test protocols, CNM inherent properties, suspension environments, and postprocessing is systematically described. A critical overview of the recent progress on fluid applications of CNMs as rheology modifiers in some emerging industrial sectors is presented as well. Future perspectives in the field are outlined to guide further research and development in using CNMs as the next generation rheological modifiers.

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Section: Drilling Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emerging Applications Of Cnms As Rheology Modifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications

et al. 2021

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“…The lower gel strength of the LNFC samples is attributed to the presence of hydrophobic lignin particles among NFC, which hindered the suspension to develop gel structure by preventing them from forming strong network through hydrogen bonding. 53 The higher lignin system bLNFC showed much smaller gel strength compared with the lower lignin system tLNFC. The 0.5 wt % bLNFC was not able to form a gel (measured 10 s gel strength close to zero), while the 0.5 wt % tLNFC formed a weak gel (10 s gel strength = 1.44 Pa).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…LNFC (Figure a) showed much smaller gel strength values compared with the mNFC system (Figure b). The lower gel strength of the LNFC samples is attributed to the presence of hydrophobic lignin particles among NFC, which hindered the suspension to develop gel structure by preventing them from forming strong network through hydrogen bonding . The higher lignin system bLNFC showed much smaller gel strength compared with the lower lignin system tLNFC.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Rheological Properties of Lignocellulosic Nanomaterial Aqueous Suspensions as Influenced by Water-Soluble Biopolymer Additives

Koo

Lee

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Rheological properties including gel strength, steady-state viscosity, and oscillatory rheology of four types of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) under the influence of two different biopolymers were studied. The processed CNMs had distinct fiber morphology (individual fibril vs bundles with/without lignin particles), composition (lignin content varying from 52.88% to 6.86%), and surface chemical properties (zeta potential values from −28.62 mV to −13.4 mV). The presence of lignin in lignin-containing nanofibrillated cellulose (LNFC) decreased a suspension’s gel strength, viscosity, and dynamic modulus. The chosen bleached NFC contained large fibril bundles, and the processed material with more individualized fibril and enhanced fluid rheology was demonstrated after regrinding the original NFC. Biopolymer xanthan gum (XG) showed a much larger effect in modifying gel strength, viscosity, and dynamic moduli compared with polyanionic cellulose (PAC). Among the three chosen rheological models, the Nasiri–Ashrafizadeh model fitted the measured shear stress and shear rate data the best for each fluid system with correlation coefficients larger than 0.99. The use of biopolymers (e.g., XG and PAC) helped reduce negative effect of lignin on gel strength and other rheological properties for LNFC. The much-improved rheological performance for biopolymer-modified LNFC suspensions open new opportunities for CNMs to be used as more environmentally friendly fluids for the energy industry.

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“…In recent years, the application of CNMs as rheological and filtration modifiers in drilling fluids has attracted considerable interest. − The presence of CNMs not only increases the viscosity of bentonite-water-based drilling fluids (BT-WDFs) at low shear rates, it also gives rise to more pronounced shear-thinning behavior, which is advantageous for drilling fluids. Drilling fluids with higher viscosity at low shear rates show a stronger capacity to suspend and transport drill cuttings from the wellbore to ground.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Redispersible Cellulose Nanofiber and Polyanionic Cellulose Hybrids for High-Performance Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Tang

Liu

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with nanoscale dimension, high aspect ratio, and easily modified surface chemistry show great potential as novel rheological and filtration modifiers in bentonite water-based drilling fluids (BT-WDFs). However, CNFs would suffer from poor redispersibility in an aqueous suspension if they were fully dried for transportation, storage, and field application. Herein, we report a simple, versatile, and scalable strategy to prepare water-redispersible CNFs through compounding them with a water-soluble, commercially available drilling fluid additive, polyanionic cellulose (PAC), and subsequent drying. The results revealed that the water redispersibility of CNF/PAC hybrids was dependent on the PAC's viscosity (i.e., low viscosity, LV; or regular viscosity, R) as well as drying method (i.e., oven drying, OD; or freeze-drying, FD). Among the obtained CNF/PAC hybrids, the CNF/PAC-R material prepared by FD exhibited optimal water redispersibility due to the enhanced suspending capacity of CNF suspension and the minimized capillary force. As a consequence, the CNF/PAC-R hybrids prepared by FD improved the rheological and filtration performance of BT-WDFs more pronouncedly than others, which could lead to better fluid carrying capacity for drilling cuttings and wellbore stability. The PAC acted not only as water-dispersible agents for CNFs but also as additives for modifying the rheological and filtration properties of BT-WDFs. PAC-coated cellulose nanofibers can be used as water-redispersible dry additive for drilling fluids with enhanced fluid performance.

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Cellulose nanofibrils as a replacement for xanthan gum (XGD) in water based muds (WBMs) to be used in shale formations

Cited by 22 publications

References 81 publications

Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications

Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications

Rheological Properties of Lignocellulosic Nanomaterial Aqueous Suspensions as Influenced by Water-Soluble Biopolymer Additives

Water-Redispersible Cellulose Nanofiber and Polyanionic Cellulose Hybrids for High-Performance Water-Based Drilling Fluids

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