Cellulosic Bioethanol Production

Galbe, Mats; Wallberg, Ola; Zacchi, Guido

doi:10.1002/9781118493441.ch18

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The studies described throughout this review demonstrate the feasibility of producing ethanol from different pulp and paper industry wastes. However, in many studies using Kraft pulp (Table 3), SSL (Table 4), or PPMS (Table 5), the concentrations of ethanol obtained in the fermentation broth were much lower than the recommended minimum of 4 wt % that is required to have a lower energy demand in the recovery step [93]. The most used method in the recovery of ethanol, distillation, is energy-intensive, accounting for 60−80% of the total separation cost of bioethanol from water, particularly due to low ethanol concentrations in the fermented broth [94].…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Distillation is energy-intensive, accounting for 60−80% of total separation cost of bioethanol from water, particularly due to low ethanol concentration in the broth. In order to be blended with gasoline, anhydrous ethanol (>99.5 wt % ethanol) should be obtained and a dehydration step after distillation is required [93,94]. In the past, dehydration was usually achieved by azeotropic distillation [52].…”

Section: Recovery and Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past, dehydration was usually achieved by azeotropic distillation [52]. Due to the high energy demand, azeotropic distillation was replaced by adsorption with zeolite molecular sieves [93].…”

Section: Recovery and Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Second Generation Bioethanol Production: On the Use of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastes as Feedstock

2018

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Due to the health and environment impacts of fossil fuels utilization, biofuels have been investigated as a potential alternative renewable source of energy. Bioethanol is currently the most produced biofuel, mainly of first generation, resulting in food-fuel competition. Second generation bioethanol is produced from lignocellulosic biomass, but a costly and difficult pretreatment is required. The pulp and paper industry has the biggest income of biomass for non-food-chain production, and, simultaneously generates a high amount of residues. According to the circular economy model, these residues, rich in monosaccharides, or even in polysaccharides besides lignin, can be utilized as a proper feedstock for second generation bioethanol production. Biorefineries can be integrated in the existing pulp and paper industrial plants by exploiting the high level of technology and also the infrastructures and logistics that are required to fractionate and handle woody biomass. This would contribute to the diversification of products and the increase of profitability of pulp and paper industry with additional environmental benefits. This work reviews the literature supporting the feasibility of producing ethanol from Kraft pulp, spent sulfite liquor, and pulp and paper sludge, presenting and discussing the practical attempt of biorefineries implementation in pulp and paper mills for bioethanol production.

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Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Recovery and Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Second Generation Bioethanol Production: On the Use of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastes as Feedstock

2018

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“…“First generation” bioethanol has been produced from food sources and is not sustainable because it competes with food crops. Instead, “second generation” bioethanol is obtained from nonedible materials, such as cellulose obtained from lignocellulosic biomass (LBM). − The economic assessment of lignocellulosic ethanol production has also been extensively studied. , LBM, earth’s most abundant biopolymer-based material, is mainly composed of cellulose (40–50 wt %), hemicellulose (25–35 wt %), and lignin (15–30 wt %) biopolymers and a small percentage of minerals and extractives . Cellulose, the main biopolymer present in lignocellulosic biomass, is a linear, regular, microcrystalline homopolymer H(C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n OH, where n (degree of polymerization) is some thousands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in the Delignification and Exploitation of Grass Lignocellulosic Biomass

Tocco

Carucci

Monduzzi

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Biofuels could be defined as the fuels of the future, although much work is still required before they will replace fossil fuels. In this review, lignocellulosic biomass based on straw and related crops and wastes is described concerning its lignin contents, structure, and properties, and an overview on the means of current and predictable delignification protocols is presented. The discussion is focused on herbaceous monocot materials and their available pretreatments (physical, chemical, and enzymatic), with special emphasis on fungal ligninolytic enzymes and the most recent findings and developments in their current application, issues, and perspectives.

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“…Energy-intensive separation is required to produce fuel-grade ethanol (FGE) of high purity, mainly due to low ethanol concentration in the broth and the presence of minimum-boiling azeotrope of ethanol and water (95.6 wt % ethanol at 78.15 °C and 1 atm). The main energy requirement is for ethanol recovery (also known as preconcentration) from 4 to 12 wt % ethanol to about 95 wt % ethanol; this recovery step accounts for 60–80% of total separation cost of bioethanol from water. − Ethanol dehydration (also known as purification) from near azeotropic composition to FGE specification (>99.5 wt % ethanol), is complex and has been of significant research interest. Bioethanol separation in the present paper refers to the entire separation process of recovery and dehydration together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Technological Advances in Bioethanol Recovery and Dehydration

Singh

Rangaiah

2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Today, at the threshold of the 21st century, rising apprehensions about the instability of oil prices, energy security, and adverse effects of fossil fuels on the environment, have made it imperative to search for alternative energy resources that are clean and sustainable. Among various biofuels, bioethanol is very promising. Bioethanol obtained from the fermentation of biomass is dilute and needs to undergo recovery and dehydration before its use as a fuel. This separation step is one of the energy-intensive steps in bioethanol production, which continues to motivate continual advances in bioethanol separation design. Hence, this review paper focuses on the recent advancements in the development of bioethanol recovery and dehydration processes. It is organized in the form of an annotated bibliography, whereby 54 journal papers and book chapters from the year 2008 to 2016 are summarized based on a classification according to separation technology employed. In addition, quantitative performance indicators (namely, cost and energy required for separation) in the papers/book chapters reviewed are presented on a consistent basis (per unit of bioethanol produced). All these will be useful to researchers and practitioners for technology selection and/or further advances in bioethanol separation.

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Cellulosic Bioethanol Production

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Second Generation Bioethanol Production: On the Use of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastes as Feedstock

Second Generation Bioethanol Production: On the Use of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastes as Feedstock

Recent Developments in the Delignification and Exploitation of Grass Lignocellulosic Biomass

Review of Technological Advances in Bioethanol Recovery and Dehydration

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