Cenozoic evolution of the Qaidam basin and implications for the growth of the northern Tibetan plateau: A review

Cheng, Feng; Jolivet, Marc; Guo, Zhaojie; Wang, Lin; Zhang, Changhao; Li, Xiangzhong

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103730

Cited by 92 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…During compression, due to the Songpan-Ganzi and Alashan blocks, the regional thrust faults began to thrust southward and vertically to the eastern margin of the rifted basin, thereby causing the basin margin to become a lateral ramp and forming a tear fault. The Cenozoic strata in the northern Qaidam basin may source from Qilian Shan and the southern Qaidam Basin (Lu et al, 2018), and it indicates that the strata materials in the Qaidam Basin are severed by the northern Qaidam thrust belt (Cheng et al, 2021). According to the source trace of the Lower Cretaceous strata, the ages of the Cretaceous strata are consistent with those of the basement rocks in the Alashan area and in the North China Block (Wang et al, 2021) and most of the materials in the northern Sunan Basin originate from the Bei Shan (Cheng et al, 2019a), indicating that the Alashan Block had a higher topography during the Mesozoic than the current location of the Qilian Shan.…”

Section: Thrust System Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the entire plateau has continued to grow owing to this collision (Yin, 2006;Yuan et al, 2013), another view states that the timing of the Qilian Shan deformation coincided with the collision of the Indo-Eurasian (Yin et al, 2008a(Yin et al, , 2008bDayem et al, 2009;Clark et al, 2010;He et al, 2021). Moreover, the eastern Kunlun Shan is thought to be serve as the roots when the strike-slip event occurs (Cheng et al, 2021). Meanwhile, on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, the tectonic blocks underwent shear, extrusion, and rotation from the Mesozoic to the Cenozoic during the Late Jurassic to Cretaceous (Cheng et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Qilian Shan fold and thrust system records the effects of changes in the deformation style of the Indian and Eurasian blocks during the Cenozoic. That is, the deformation patterns within the strata are well preserved and capable of reflecting the evolution of the Qaidam Basin, which is in the western Qilian Shan (Cheng et al, 2021). However, the tectonic deformation style present during the Cretaceous in the Sunan Basin and Huangcheng Basin remains poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tectonic Deformation of an Intraplate Orogenic Belt: Mesozoic Sedimentary Basins in the Northeastern Qilian Shan, China

Jia¹,

Zheng²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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The Qilian Shan, located in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, is an intraplate orogenic belt that underwent several episodes of fold and thrust deformation, particularly during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. However, the deformation styles and relationships between the basin and mountains remain controversial. Therefore, in the current study, we conducted detailed field mapping of the sedimentary basins in Sunan and Huangcheng, and observed three episodes of compressive tectonic activity. We also restored a deformed section to determine the shortening rate of the Cretaceous sedimentary Sunan Basin. The first thrust episode, during the Paleogene, involved a southwestward thrust motion, comprising the Yumu Shan and Gaizhangdaban thrust systems. The second Neogene episode involved the northeastern thrust belt in the northern Qilian Shan, which comprises the Northern Qilian thrust system. The third episode produced NW-trending strike-slip activity that became the major tectonic deformation style; thus, the entire block rotated clockwise. Additionally, the restored section revealed that the Cretaceous strata have been shortened by ∼3.56%. Collectively, these results indicate that the Sunan and Huangcheng area on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau is influenced by the far-field effects of the collision between the Indian and Asian continents, as well as the effects of intraplate orogenic processes related to the collision of the Alashan Block and the Qilian Shan. Therefore, the current study has defined the deformation style in the northeastern Qilian Shan region, so we wish to give a clarification of the tectonic evolution and forecast the tectonic propagation in the Qilian Shan region.

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Section: Thrust System Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tectonic Deformation of an Intraplate Orogenic Belt: Mesozoic Sedimentary Basins in the Northeastern Qilian Shan, China

Jia¹,

Zheng²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Although disputes exist concerning the stratigraphic ages, there is a consensus that the depositional center of the basin has shifted southeastward along the axis of the basin from the early Cenozoic to the present (Song and Wang, 1993;Métivier et al, 1998;Wang et al, 2006;Yin et al, 2007;Cheng et al, 2014). Provenance analysis indicates that the Cenozoic deposits in the Qaidam basin were mainly sourced from surrounding mountains (Rieser et al, 2005;Jian et al, 2013;Cheng et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017;Lu et al, 2019;Nie et al, 2020;Cheng et al, 2021).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Sampling Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Oligocene—Late Miocene Wildfire History in the Northern Tibetan Plateau and Links to Temperature-Driven Precipitation Changes

Miao

Chang

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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Late Cenozoic wildfire evolution in Inner Asia has been attributed to both ice-volume modulating precipitation changes and surface uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. Whether this is the case or not requires additional research and wildfire records from older periods. In this study, 251 microcharcoal samples from the Huatugou section in the western Qaidam Basin are used to reconstruct the early Oligocene-middle Miocene wildfire history of the northern Tibetan Plateau. The results show that wildfires remained relatively frequent before ∼26 Ma, then reduced gradually until ∼14 Ma, and finally increased slightly but still at low level between 14 and 12 Ma. The wildfire variations can be correlated to the steppe-based dryness changes, and both of which are coincident with global temperature changes. We infer that mean annual temperature might have played a dominant role in controlling wildfire frequencies in the northern Tibetan Plateau through modulating atmospheric moisture content. This conclusion is in line with previous studies including microcharcoal-based wildfire records of 18–5 Ma successions from the Qaidam Basin as well as soot-based wildfire records from Quaternary glacial–interglacial cycles of the Chinese Loess Plateau.

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“…路乐河组是柴达木盆地新生代的第一套沉积地层，野外露头多分布于盆地北缘. 高密度地震反射剖面勘探结果显示路乐河组主要分布在盆地中、西部，沉积中心位于盆地西北部 [24,25,27] . 路乐河组地层以路乐河东沟剖面为层型剖面 [24,32,45] [46] )，图中显示了柴达木盆地周缘造山带与断裂系统(NQFZ-柴达木盆地北缘逆冲断裂带)、近年发表磁性地层剖面(花土沟剖面 [47] 、红三旱剖面 [48] 、路乐河剖面 [35,40] 、红沟剖面 [38] 、大红沟剖面 [33,49] 、怀头他拉剖面 [50] )位置以及图 2A、图 3A、图 4A、图 6A 的位置与范围.…”

Section: 地质背景unclassified

Cenozoic stratigraphic chronology and sedimentary-tectonic evolution of the Qaidam Basin

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Duan³

et al. 2022

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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The Qaidam Basin hosts thick Cenozoic strata with an uninterrupted depositional time frame from early Cenozoic to the Quaternary, Where remarkable number of mammalian fossils were discovered. These properties of the Cenozoic strata provide a unique chance to establish the basin-wide chronological framework by using palaeomagnetistratigraphy and biostratigraphy.Armed with the chronological framework, the sedimentary evolution and structural deformation of the Qaidam Basin and its adjacent region can be reconstructed to reveal the deformational processes and dynamic mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau expansion during the Cenozoic.According to the previous studies, the Cenozoic strata preserved in the Qaidam Basin, have been subdivided into seven primary progressively younger stratigraphic units: the Lulehe, Xia Ganchaigou, Shang Ganchaigou, Xia Youshashan, Shang Youshashan, Shizigou, and Qigequan formations. Despite the long study history of the Qaidam Basin, they are still controversial questions of basin-wide Cenozoic stratigraphic unit correlations and the time of formation of the Qaidam Basin.On the basis of the field observations, this paper summarizes relatively long magnetostratigraphic sections (thickness ≥ 4500 m), such as the Huatugou, Lulehe, Honggou,

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Cenozoic evolution of the Qaidam basin and implications for the growth of the northern Tibetan plateau: A review

Cited by 92 publications

References 184 publications

Tectonic Deformation of an Intraplate Orogenic Belt: Mesozoic Sedimentary Basins in the Northeastern Qilian Shan, China

Tectonic Deformation of an Intraplate Orogenic Belt: Mesozoic Sedimentary Basins in the Northeastern Qilian Shan, China

Early Oligocene—Late Miocene Wildfire History in the Northern Tibetan Plateau and Links to Temperature-Driven Precipitation Changes

Cenozoic stratigraphic chronology and sedimentary-tectonic evolution of the Qaidam Basin

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