Central projections of a homoeotic regenerate, antennapedia, in a stick insect, <i>Carausius morosus</i> (Phasmida)

Edwards, John S.; Reddy, G. R.; Rani, Mousmi

doi:10.1002/neu.480200302

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The theory of homeotic transformation was first developed by Bateson (1894) to describe the replacement of one structure, such as the antennae, with a completely different one, such as the tarsus of a leg [53]. Though at first believed to be isolated examples of developmental anomalies, various studies have demonstrated that heteromorphic transformations could be experimentally induced by physical mutilation during late development [54,55]. For example, injuring the antennae of a sawfly, Cimbex axillaris , can cause the heteromorphic transformation of the adult antenna into a leg [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though at first believed to be isolated examples of developmental anomalies, various studies have demonstrated that heteromorphic transformations could be experimentally induced by physical mutilation during late development [54,55]. For example, injuring the antennae of a sawfly, Cimbex axillaris , can cause the heteromorphic transformation of the adult antenna into a leg [55]. However, the molecular basis of postembryonic heteromorphic transformation of an appendage has not been well-characterized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Developmental coupling of larval and adult stages in a complex life cycle: insights from limb regeneration in the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum

Lee

Sze

Kim

et al. 2013

EvoDevo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundA complex life cycle, such as complete metamorphosis, is a key innovation that can promote diversification of species. The evolution of a morphologically distinct larval stage is thought to have enabled insects to occupy broader ecological niches and become the most diverse metazoan taxon, yet the extent to which larval and adult morphologies can evolve independently remains unknown. Perturbation of larval limb regeneration allows us to generate larval legs and antennae with altered limb morphologies, which may be used to explore the developmental continuity that might exist between larval and adult appendages. In this study, we determined the roles of several appendage patterning transcription factors, abrupt (ab), dachshund (dac), Distal-less (Dll), and spineless (ss), in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, during larval appendage regeneration. The functions of these genes in regenerating and non-regenerating limbs were compared using RNA interference.ResultsDuring limb regeneration, dac and ss were necessary to re-pattern the same larval structures as those patterned during embryogenesis. Removal of these two genes led to larval appendage patterning defects that were carried over to the adult legs. Surprisingly, even though maternal knockdown of ab had minimal effects on limb allocation and patterning in the embryo, it was necessary for blastema growth, an earlier phase of regeneration. Finally, knockdown of Dll prevented the blastema-like bumps from re-differentiating into appendages.ConclusionsOur results suggest that, similar to vertebrates, the re-patterning phase of Tribolium larval limb regeneration relies on the same genes that are used during embryonic limb patterning. Thus, the re-patterning phase of regeneration is likely to be regulated by taxon-specific patterning mechanisms. Furthermore, Ab and Dll appear to play important roles during blastema proliferation and re-differentiation, respectively. Finally, our results show that continuity exists between larval and adult limb patterning, and that larval and adult leg morphologies may be developmentally coupled. Thus, the evolution of imaginal discs may have been a key step towards completely removing any developmental constraints that existed between larval and adult phenotypes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental coupling of larval and adult stages in a complex life cycle: insights from limb regeneration in the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum

Lee

Sze

Kim

et al. 2013

EvoDevo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another method for generating homeotically transformed appendages is through regeneration following amputation. In the stick insect, Carausius moroszis, removal of the distal antennal segments of hatchlings often results in the formation of an antennapedia regenerate (Edwards et al, 1989). The majority of the sensory neurons of the antennapedia tarsus project to the olfactory lobe as in the normal antenna1 nerve.…”

Section: Sensory Neurons On the Horneotic Leg Form Functional Connectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projection pattern of sensory neurons in the central nervous system of a homeotic mutation of the moth Manduca sexta

Booker

Miles

1995

J. Neurobiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Octopod (Octo) is a mutation of the moth Manduca sexta, which transforms the first abdominal segment (A1) in the anterior direction. Mutant animals are characterized by the appearance of homeotic thoracic-like legs on A1. We exploited this mutation to determine what rules might be used in specifying the fates of sensory neurons located on the body surface of larval Manduca. Mechanical stimulation of homeotic leg sensilla did not cause reflexive movements of the homeotic legs, but elicited responses similar to those observed following stimulation of ventral A1 body wall hairs. Intracellular recordings demonstrated that several of the motoneurons in the A1 ganglion received inputs from the homeotic sensory hairs. The responses of these motoneurons to stimulation of homeotic sensilla resembled their responses to stimulation of ventral body wall sensilla. Cobalt fills revealed that the mutation transformed the segmental projection pattern of only the sensory neurons located on the ventral surface of A1, resulting in a greater number with intersegmental projection patterns typical of sensory neurons found on the thoracic body wall. Many of the sensory neurons on the homeotic legs had intersegmental projection patterns typical of abdominal sensory neurons: an anteriorly directed projection terminating in the third thoracic ganglion (T3). Once this projection reached T3, however, it mimicked the projections of the thoracic leg sensory neurons. These results demonstrate that the same rules are not used in the establishment of the intersegmental and leg-specific projection patterns. Segmental identity influences the intersegmental projection pattern of the sensory neurons of Manduca, whereas the leg-specific projections are consistent with a role for positional information in determining their pattern.

show abstract

The arthropod mushroom body: Its functional roles, evolutionary enigmas and mistaken identities

Strausfeld

Buschbeck

Gomez

1995

Experientia Supplementum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Insects share the same physical environment as terrestrial vertebrates. However, insects are vastly more successful in terms of their adaptive radiation and colonization. The biomass of insects alone is said to outweigh all other organisms and it can be speculated that their evolutionary success is a consequence, not only of their environmental colonization, but also of their behavioral versatility which sets them apart from other terrestrial arthopods. If this hypothesis is correct, it might be expected that there exist neural organizations that are peculiar to, or greatly elaborated in, the Insecta alone. This chapter describes the occurrence among selected arthropods of a brain region that, in eusocial insects, reaches great complexity and is implicated in learning and memory. Its identification in various taxa is assessed against the background of current theories of arthropod evolution and brain segmentation.

show abstract

Central projections of a homoeotic regenerate, antennapedia, in a stick insect, Carausius morosus (Phasmida)

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Developmental coupling of larval and adult stages in a complex life cycle: insights from limb regeneration in the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum

Developmental coupling of larval and adult stages in a complex life cycle: insights from limb regeneration in the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum

Projection pattern of sensory neurons in the central nervous system of a homeotic mutation of the moth Manduca sexta

The arthropod mushroom body: Its functional roles, evolutionary enigmas and mistaken identities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About