The factors responsible for the emergence of problematic situations in the company's production, economic, financial and economic activities are the unacceptable controlled disturbances of the external and internal environment of the enterprise and the unacceptable deviations of the actual states of the execution or management processes from the required ones, impeding (creating threats) or contributing (creating potential opportunities) achievement of the established objectives of the functioning and development of the enterprise. The essence of recognition of problem situations is considered and analyzed. A specialized system for recognizing problematic production situations is presented as a complex dynamic automated (automatic) system that realizes in real time the transformation of input information about a problem situation that has arisen in the course of production and economic activity into output information about its belonging to a certain reference class of problem production situations. Examples are given of the use of specialized systems for recognizing problematic production situations in the operational management of production, innovation processes and processes of functional maintenance of production and innovation processes implemented at the enterprise. Named the main tasks solved in the design, creation and operation of specialized systems for recognizing problematic production situations, and the methods used in the course of solving them. The advantages of using specialized systems for recognizing problem situations in the production and economic activities of production systems with intellectual support are indicated.