Ceramic processing strategies for thick films on copper foils

Wu, Aiying; Vilarinho, Paula M.; Kingon, Angus I.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2009.12.016

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Reducing the scale of devices too far results in a reduction in this conversion efficiency as thin films often fail to match the properties exhibited by their parent material due to substrate clamping effects. In addition, the voltage generated by thinner films is lower [15]. This places a limit on the minimum appropriate size of a device which coincides with a requirement for thick films in the range 5-100 µm.…”

Section: A Piezoelectric Energy Harvestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stabilization through the control of pH (2-3 for PZT) has been successfully used to create a 25 wt% PZT suspension for dip coating. Due to the acidic nature of the suspension medium, prolonged exposure will result in leaching of Pb out of the PZT powder [15] reducing performance of the films. In such circumstances steric stabilization would be more appropriate.…”

Section: Immersion Based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porosities up to 35 vol% are not uncommon in such films [3] and can be reduced through the incorporation of sintering aids [52], sol gel infusion [64] or external pressure during sintering [3], [15]. Pressure can only be applied where the substrate structure is sufficiently robust as…”

Section: G Improving Densitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) where the copper remains unoxidised and the PZT is not reduced [15]. Further oxidation resistance can be accomplished by applying a thin protective layer such as ZrO 2 [18], [19], TiO 2 , [20] or high density sol gel active ceramic [21].…”

Section: A Piezoelectric Energy Harvestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Powder-Based Thick Films for Thermoelectric, Pyroelectric, and Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices

Dorey

2014

IEEE Sensors J.

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This is an open access version of the paper Dorey, R. A. (2014). Integrated powder-based thick films for thermoelectric, pyroelectric, and piezoelectric energy harvesting devices. IEEE Sensors Journal, 14(7), 2177 -2184 . doi: 10.1109 /JSEN.2014 Abstract-Energy harvesting devices based on piezoelectric, pyroelectric and thermoelectric materials offer an attractive solution for battery-and wire-less sensor nodes for a range of sensor applications. Current devices are typically fabricated using semi-manual approaches leading to higher costs and reduced yields as well as significant material wastage. Powder-based thick film devices have been shown to be capable of harvesting mW-levels of power while the associated printing technologies offer commercially attractive fabrication solutions. This article provides a review of examples of recent piezoelectric, pyroelectric and thermoelectric powder-based thick film energy harvester devices and outlines potential fabrication techniques, ink compositions, and ways to reduce processing temperatures that can be used to create integrated thick film energy harvesting devices. The key to the creation of such devices is the management of thermal budgets and processing environments to ensure the functional properties of the thick films are maximised.

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Section: A Piezoelectric Energy Harvestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immersion Based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G Improving Densitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Piezoelectric Energy Harvestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Powder-Based Thick Films for Thermoelectric, Pyroelectric, and Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices

Dorey

2014

IEEE Sensors J.

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“…In addition, it has been used to deposit two kinds of materials on substrates simultaneously17. Many different types of ferroelectric ceramics have been widely used in the EPD process, such as Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 18192021, K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 22, BaTiO 3 232425 and BiFeO 3 26. Moreover, the deposition of ferroelectric ceramics on complex substrates, such as helical structures27, individual fibers, fiber mats, and nichrome wires28 has been achieved using EPD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Application of Ferroelectric Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-co-Trifluoroethylene) Films using Electrophoretic Deposition

Ryu

Kim

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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In this study, we investigated the deposition kinetics of polyvinylidene fluoride copolymerized with trifluoroethylene (P(VDF-TrFE)) particles on stainless steel substrates during the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process. The effect of applied voltage and deposition time on the structure and ferroelectric property of the P(VDF-TrFE) films was studied in detail. A method of repeated EPD and heat treatment above melting point were employed to fabricate crack-free P(VDF-TrFE) thick films. This method enabled us to fabricate P(VDF-TrFE) films with variable thicknesses. The morphology of the obtained films was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the formation of β-phase was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. P(VDF-TrFE) films prepared with various thicknesses showed remnant polarization (Pr) of around 4 μC/cm2. To demonstrate the applicability of our processing recipe to complex structures, we fabricated a spring-type energy harvester by depositing P(VDF-TrFE) films on stainless steel springs using EPD process. Our preliminary results show that an electrophoretic deposition can be applied to produce high-quality P(VDF-TrFE) films on planar as well as three-dimensional (3-D) substrates.

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Critical Role of Suspension Media in Electrophoretic Deposition: The Example of Low Loss Dielectric BaNd₂Ti₅O₁₄ Thick Films

Vilarinho

et al. 2012

J. Phys. Chem. B

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The importance of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is well recognized for thick film technology, but unfortunately there is no universal suspension medium for the EPD of oxides. Thus, the selection of the medium, the stability of the suspensions, and the control of the particle potentials, critical for a good deposition, need to be established for each new material being processed by EPD. In this article, we investigate the key parameters, studying the electrochemistry of BaNd(2)Ti(5)O(14) (BNT) suspensions, and establish relationships between suspension media, EPD process conditions, microstructure of the deposits, and resulting electrical properties of the BNT films. Suspension stability of water, ethanol, acetic acid, and acetone-based media was analyzed in terms of zeta potential, particle size distribution, UV transmittance, and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. The highest absolute zeta potential values determined for acetone with I(2) and acetic acid media are in good agreement with the high stability, small and narrow particle size distribution, and low UV light transmittance measured for these suspensions. Very high quality thick deposits were consequently achieved. However, it was demonstrated that aging of the acetic acid-based suspension have serious negative effects on the EPD process for BNT materials, including leaching of the metallic elements with a consequent modification of the material stoichiometry, change of the conductivity of the suspension, and degradation of the films microstructure. These facts severely restrict the use of acetic acid. Our results clearly indicate that, besides the stability of the suspension, the electrochemistry and aging behavior are key aspects for the EPD of functional oxides. Our systematic approach could be viewed as providing a set of guidelines for the development of EPD of other oxides.

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Ceramic processing strategies for thick films on copper foils

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Integrated Powder-Based Thick Films for Thermoelectric, Pyroelectric, and Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices

Integrated Powder-Based Thick Films for Thermoelectric, Pyroelectric, and Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices

Synthesis and Application of Ferroelectric Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-co-Trifluoroethylene) Films using Electrophoretic Deposition

Critical Role of Suspension Media in Electrophoretic Deposition: The Example of Low Loss Dielectric BaNd₂Ti₅O₁₄ Thick Films

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Ceramic processing strategies for thick films on copper foils

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Integrated Powder-Based Thick Films for Thermoelectric, Pyroelectric, and Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices

Integrated Powder-Based Thick Films for Thermoelectric, Pyroelectric, and Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices

Synthesis and Application of Ferroelectric Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-co-Trifluoroethylene) Films using Electrophoretic Deposition

Critical Role of Suspension Media in Electrophoretic Deposition: The Example of Low Loss Dielectric BaNd2Ti5O14 Thick Films

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Critical Role of Suspension Media in Electrophoretic Deposition: The Example of Low Loss Dielectric BaNd₂Ti₅O₁₄ Thick Films