Cereal Breeding for Organic Farming: Crop Traits Related with Competitiveness Against Weeds

Piliksere, Dace; Strazdiņa, Vija; Vicupe, Zaiga; Jansone, Zaiga; Legzdiņa, Linda; Beinaroviča, Indra; Kronberga, Arta

doi:10.2478/prolas-2013-0048

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Market drivers such as the end-user demands may be different in these markets too and thus the criteria for cultivar choice for low input and organic conditions can be more complex than under intensive and high inorganic input systems. Factors such as weed-competitiveness can assume much greater importance in organic systems (Wolfe et al 2008; Piliksere et al 2013). Objective assessments of some of these other factors might therefore be very beneficial under different trial conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat cultivar yield response to some organic and conventional farming conditions and the yield potential of mixtures

2017

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SUMMARYA range of wheat cultivars, including elite cultivars, older cultivars and some preferred by organic growers, were trialled under high and low nitrogen (N) conventional and organic conditions to determine whether cultivars that yield highly under organic conditions have the same relative yield under conventional conditions. A range of cultivar mixtures was also assessed to see whether these gave yield advantages or superiority in either farming system. The conventional trials were grown with and without full fungicide programmes, which largely controlled disease. Amongst the cultivars, Alchemy showed superior yield under organic conditions as did Pegassos, but under conventional conditions Pegassos was always one of the low-ranking cultivars. Under conventional conditions the more recent cultivars Alchemy, Glasgow and Istabraq yielded highly, while an older one, Consort, yielded highly under low fertilizer conditions, and both Ambrosia and Deben also yielded highly generally. Fungicide and high N favoured the disease-susceptible, high-yield cultivars such as Glasgow whereas Consort, an older susceptible cultivar, was favoured by fungicide and low N. Together this demonstrates that whilst the yield characteristics of some elite germplasm are also expressed under organic conditions, at least one cultivar that yielded poorly under conventional conditions showed adaptation towards the organic conditions of these trials. Other cultivars yielding poorly under conventional conditions also gave poor yield under organic conditions. The equal proportion mixtures of cultivars grown under conventional conditions showed no evidence of differences in yield from the mean of the component cultivars grown separately, but combinations of Glasgow, Alchemy and Istabraq gave consistently high yield.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat cultivar yield response to some organic and conventional farming conditions and the yield potential of mixtures

2017

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“…According to some authors, plant height is a parameter that largely contributes to suppressing other plants (Cosser et al, 1997;Piliksere et al, 2013). Mason et al (2007) asserted that the interaction between plant height and other species characteristics could contribute to more effi cient use of natural resources, so it oft en happens that plants growing at higher density can have better growth and higher yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of Ambrosia trifida on vegetative production of A. artemisiifolia

et al. 2020

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Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) and A. trifida (giant ragweed) are very important weed species that are invasive in Serbia and are often found in agricultural regions. When these weeds are present at high densities, crop yields can be significantly reduced or even completely destroyed. Unlike A. artemisiifolia, A. trifida is locally present in the Central Backa region (Vojvodina province), and it is expected that its area of distribution will expand in the future. Starting from the assumption that future distribution of A. trifida could take on larger proportions than now, the aim of this study was focused on examining the interaction between these two species. Experiments were conducted using the replacement design model, in which Ambrosia trifida/Ambrosia artemisiifolia per m2, were planted as density ratios of 10/0; 8/2; 4/6; 6/4; 2/8, and 0/10, in a completely randomized block system with four replications. The vegetative parameters (height and dry mass) of A. artemisiifolia were measured in July, August and September over a period of two years (2016 and 2017), and the results were statistically analysed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 23). In July 2016, the average height of A. artemisiifolia was in the range between 35.00 and 50.40 cm, in August it was from 68.00 to 95.50 cm, and between 83.75 and 99.80 cm in September. In the following season (2017), the corresponding values ranged from 56.19 to 78.50 (July), 98.38 to 125.50 cm (August) and 111.19 to 148.50 (September). An increase in the number of A. artemisiifolia plants and decrease in A. trifida counts per m2 caused an increase in the dry mass of A. artemisiifolia per plant. The dry mass of A. artemisiifolia ranged from 4.22 to 6.11 g/plant (July), 8.96 to 10.27 g/plant (August) and 7.04 to 19.53 g/plant (September). In the following season, these values ranged from 9.62 to 14.60 g/plant, 14.37 to 28.90 g/plant, and 23.43 to 40.47 g/plant in July, August and September, respectively. Minimum values of vegetative parameters were recorded in the treatment with 2 plants, and maximum in the treatment with 10 A. artemisiifolia plants/m2. This means that interspecific competition is more pronounced in this ragweed species than intraspecific competition.

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“…La mesure de la hauteur, lorsqu'elle était réalisée à différents stades de la culture, a également permis de mettre en évidence une variabilité inter-variétale plus élevée en fin de cycle (Cosser et al, 1997) ainsi qu'une faible influence de la variabilité environnementale, en particulier de la présence d'adventices, sur le classement en hauteur des variétés (Reid et al, 2009). Généralement, plus la hauteur de la culture est mesurée tardivement durant le cycle cultural, plus elle est explicative de la réduction de biomasse adventice (Zerner et al, 2008), même si certaines études n'observent pas cette tendance (Piliksere et al, 2013). Ceci peut s'expliquer par le fait que la hauteur en fin de cycle est un substitut de la compétition pour la lumière dont l'intensité de compétition augmente à mesure que les plantes se développent (Adeux et al, 2019).…”

Section: Caractères D'intérêt Associés à La Capacité De Compétition D...unclassified

Caractères variétaux associés à la compétition des génotypes de céréales à paille vis-à-vis des adventices et pistes pour leur sélection : une revue bibliographique

Laëtitia¹

2022

AE&S

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La gestion des adventices constitue une problématique majeure en céréales à paille afin de mener la transition agroécologique de l'agriculture française. Le choix de variétés ayant une capacité de compétition élevée vis-à-vis des adventices a fait l'objet de peu d'investissements et généré peu de résultats probants, notamment du fait de difficultés méthodologiques. Sur la base d'une revue exhaustive de la littérature, notre étude (1) précise les principaux caractères d'intérêt (synonyme de traits en écologie fonctionnelle) associés à la capacité de compétition des variétés et les corrélations existantes entre eux, (2) identifie les principales limites à l'évaluation de ces caractères, et (3) propose quelques pistes d'amélioration du schéma de sélection, en tenant compte de la notion d'idéotypes incluant ces caractères.

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Cereal Breeding for Organic Farming: Crop Traits Related with Competitiveness Against Weeds

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Wheat cultivar yield response to some organic and conventional farming conditions and the yield potential of mixtures

Wheat cultivar yield response to some organic and conventional farming conditions and the yield potential of mixtures

The influence of Ambrosia trifida on vegetative production of A. artemisiifolia

Caractères variétaux associés à la compétition des génotypes de céréales à paille vis-à-vis des adventices et pistes pour leur sélection : une revue bibliographique

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