Cerebral lateralization and general intelligence: Gender differences in a transcranial Doppler study

Njemanze, Philip C.

doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.104

Cited by 31 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…There is by now a fairly consistent literature, especially from functional imaging approaches, suggesting a relationship between DLPC and fluid intelligence. Specifically, DLPC activation has been reported in "high g" tasks that ostensibly require fluid intelligence, such as the Raven Progressive Matrices task and similar reasoning tasks (Duncan et al, 2000;Esposito, Kirkby, Van Horn, Ellmore, & Berman, 1999;Gray, Chabris, & Braver, 2003;Njemanze, 2005;Prabhakaran, Smith, Desmond, Glover, & Gabrieli, 1997). There is some consistent evidence from lesion work, as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Is the Prefrontal Cortex Important For Fluid Intelligence? A Neuropsychological Study Using Matrix Reasoning

Tranel

Manzel

Anderson

2008

The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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Patients with prefrontal damage and severe defects in decision making and emotional regulation often have a remarkable absence of intellectual impairment, as measured by conventional IQ tests such as the WAIS/WAIS-R. This enigma might be explained by shortcomings in the tests, which tend to emphasize measures of "crystallized" (e.g., vocabulary, fund of information) more than "fluid" (e.g., novel problem solving) intelligence. The WAIS-III added the Matrix Reasoning subtest to enhance measurement of fluid reasoning. In a set of four studies, we investigated Matrix Reasoning performances in 80 patients with damage to various sectors of the prefrontal cortex, and contrasted these with the performances of 80 demographically matched patients with damage outside the frontal lobes. The results failed to support the hypothesis that prefrontal damage would disproportionately impair fluid intelligence, and every prefrontal subgroup we studied (dorsolateral, ventromedial, dorsolateral + ventromedial) had Matrix Reasoning scores (as well as IQ scores more generally) that were indistinguishable from those of the brain-damaged comparison groups. Our findings do not support a connection between fluid intelligence and the frontal lobes, although a viable alternative interpretation is that the Matrix Reasoning subtest lacks construct validity as a measure of fluid intelligence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Is the Prefrontal Cortex Important For Fluid Intelligence? A Neuropsychological Study Using Matrix Reasoning

Tranel

Manzel

Anderson

2008

The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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“…In women, such problem-solving could be performed in a more analytic, verbally-mediated mode, engendering a more 'lefthemisphere' type of strategy. There is a recent parallel for this in the domain of general intelligence, where Njemanze (2005) found that women used a left hemisphere strategy to solve Raven's progressive matrices tasks, whereas men used a right hemisphere strategy (indexed by transcranial Doppler ultrasound). This is an intriguing finding, especially because the matrices tasks require higher-order reasoning and problem-solving strategies that have been linked to prefrontal function in positron emission tomography (Duncan et al, 2000) and functional MRI (Prabhakaran et al, 1997) studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, neuroscience has begun to weigh in on this topic, and there are provocative hints that some gender-related cognitive differences could have neurobiological correlates (e.g. Grabowski et al, 2003;Bolla et al, 2004;Cahill et al, 2004;Njemanze, 2005). For example, Cahill et al demonstrated that the amygdala's role in the enhancement of memory by emotion is modulated by gender-the right amygdala plays a critical role in men and the left amygdala plays a critical role in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex

2015

Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology

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We found previously in a lesion study that the right-sided sector of the ventromedial prefrontal cortices (VMPCs) was critical for social/emotional functioning and decision-making, whereas the left side appeared to be less important. It so happened that all but one of the subjects in that study were men, and the one woman did not fit the pattern very well. This prompted a follow-up investigation, in which we explored the following question: Does gender play a role in the development of defects in social conduct, emotional functioning and decision-making, following unilateral VMPC damage? We culled from our Patient Registry same-sex pairs of men or women patients who had comparable unilateral VMPC damage in either the left or right hemisphere. Two male pairs and one female pair were formed, and we included two additional women with unilateral right VMPC damage (8 patients in all). The domains of measurement covered social conduct, emotional processing and personality, and decision-making. We found a systematic effect of gender on the pattern of left-right asymmetry in VMPC. In men, there were severe defects following unilateral right VMPC damage, but not following left-sided damage. In women, there were defects following unilateral left VMPC damage; following right-sided damage, however, defects were mild or absent. The findings suggest that men and women may use different strategies to solve similar problems-e.g. men may use a more holistic, gestalt-type strategy, and women may use a more analytic, verbally-mediated strategy. Such differences could reflect asymmetric, gender-related differences in the neurobiology of left and right VMPC sectors.

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“…P.C. Njemanze [46] исследовал межполушарные различия у мужчин и жен-щин при выполнении матриц Равена: у женщин наблюда-лась левополушарная латерализация большего усиления СК, у мужчин -правополушарная. D. Schuepbach и соавт.…”

Section: о б з о р ыunclassified

Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Study of Brain Hemispheric Functional Specialization: A Review of Foreign Literature

Микадзе

Bogdanova

Лысенко

et al. 2016

RJTAO

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Изучение функциональной специализации полуша-рий и межполушарной асимметрии является предметом ис-следований в ряде нейронаук. Особый интерес представля-ет нейрокогнитивный подход, при использовании которого ставится задача описания структурно-функциональной ор-ганизации разных видов психической деятельности и вери-фикации ее психологической структуры и мозговой основы с помощью нейропсихологических и нейровизуализирую-щих методов [1]. Нейрокогнитивный подход, по словам Л. Сквайра, позволяет устанавливать важные связи между когнитивной психологией и неврологией [2].Для определения активности различных центров моз-га, отражающей переработку информации, используются электроэнцефалография (ЭЭГ) и различные нейровизуали-зирующие методы (функциональная магнитно-резонансная томография -фМРТ, позитронно-эмиссионная томо-графия -ПЭТ и др.), которые наряду с достоинствами име-ют определенные ограничения и недостатки, разные сте-пень сложности обслуживания и стоимость использования.Функциональная транскраниальная ультразвуковая допплерография (ФТКУЗДГ) -сравнительно недорогой, неинвазивный и безболезненный метод оценки скорости кровотока (СК). ФТКУЗДГ обеспечивает высокое времен-ное разрешение, гораздо более высокое, чем, например, фМРТ. При ее проведении пациент не должен оставаться неподвижным, наличие металлических имплантатов, татуи-ровок не влияет на результаты исследования, метод являет-ся щадящим для людей, страдающих клаустрофобией.

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Cerebral lateralization and general intelligence: Gender differences in a transcranial Doppler study

Cited by 31 publications

References 53 publications

Is the Prefrontal Cortex Important For Fluid Intelligence? A Neuropsychological Study Using Matrix Reasoning

Is the Prefrontal Cortex Important For Fluid Intelligence? A Neuropsychological Study Using Matrix Reasoning

Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex

Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Study of Brain Hemispheric Functional Specialization: A Review of Foreign Literature

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