Cerebral venous disorders: Diagnosis and endovascular management

Abdalkader, Mohamad; Hui, Ferdinand; Amans, Matthew R; Raz, Eytan; Hanning, Uta; Ma, Alice; Brinjikji, Waleed; Malek, Adel M.; Oxley, Thomas J.; Nguyen, Thanh N.

doi:10.1016/j.neurad.2023.06.002

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…These variations include the anatomical slenderness of the IJ [ 11 ], changes in flow within the venous sinuses between standing and sitting positions [ 27 ], neck flexion versus extension or rotation positions, the patient’s volume status, and the patency of paravertebral and suboccipital collaterals. Additionally, the IJ can be easily displaced or compressed by adjacent anatomical structures such as the styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, posterior belly of the digastric muscle, internal or external carotid artery branches, and the lateral masses of C1 [ 3 , 10 , 12 ]. Additionally, inhalation and exhalation (e.g., Valsalva maneuver) are known to exhibit notable effects on the apparent caliber of the IJ [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis (IJVS) has been associated with diverse neurological conditions, including headache, brain fog, dizziness, tinnitus, transient global amnesia, and intracranial hemorrhage [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Accurate assessment of the internal jugular (IJ) vein via cross-sectional imaging such as CT and MRI is essential to delineate anatomical slenderness, incidental narrowing, and clinically significant stenoses in patients with potential IJVS-related symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Assessment of Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis in Patients Undergoing CT and MRI with Contrast

Abdalkader,

Miller,

Klein

et al. 2024

Tomography

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Objective: Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis (IJVS) is hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of diverse neurological diseases. We sought to evaluate differences in IJVS assessment between CT and MRI in a retrospective patient cohort. Methods: We included consecutive patients who had both MRI of the brain and CT of the head and neck with contrast from 1 June 2021 to 30 June 2022 within the same admission. The degree of IJVS was categorized into five grades (0–IV). Results: A total of 35 patients with a total of 70 internal jugular (IJ) veins were included in our analysis. There was fair intermodality agreement in stenosis grades (κ = 0.220, 95% C.I. = [0.029, 0.410]), though categorical stenosis grades were significantly discordant between imaging modalities, with higher grades more frequent in MRI (χ2 = 27.378, p = 0.002). On CT-based imaging, Grade III or IV stenoses were noted in 17/70 (24.2%) IJs, whereas on MRI-based imaging, Grade III or IV stenoses were found in 40/70 (57.1%) IJs. Among veins with Grade I-IV IJVS, MRI stenosis estimates were significantly higher than CT stenosis estimates (77.0%, 95% C.I. [35.9–55.2%] vs. 45.6%, 95% C.I. [35.9–55.2%], p < 0.001). Conclusion: MRI with contrast overestimates the degree of IJVS compared to CT with contrast. Consideration of this discrepancy should be considered in diagnosis and treatment planning in patients with potential IJVS-related symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Assessment of Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis in Patients Undergoing CT and MRI with Contrast

Abdalkader,

Miller,

Klein

et al. 2024

Tomography

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“…Treatment of VGAM can also be performed from the venous side by occluding the MPV, but this carries the risk of occluding the deep venous system drainage that may be connected with the MPV. 7,11,12 Pial Arteriovenous Fistula/Dural Sinus Malformations PAVFs are congenital high-flow arteriovenous shunts between pial or cortical arteries and a single dilated and tortuous vein (varix). Varix formation is a unique finding in almost all patients with PAVF.…”

Section: Vein Of Galen Aneurysmal Malformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Interventional Neuroradiology

et al. 2023

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Pediatric neurovascular disorders can lead to substantial mortality and morbidity if not diagnosed early and adequately managed. Children with neurovascular diseases cannot be treated as small adults as the vascular and central nervous system anatomy, physiology, and pathologies in children differ greatly from those of adults. In addition, some neurovascular pathologies are seen exclusively in children such as aneurysmal malformation of the vein of Galen, pial fistulas, and dural fistulas in the context of dural sinus disease. In this review, we aim to present an overview of the common pediatric neurovascular diseases along with their endovascular management.

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“…Surgery is an alternative to endovascular treatment and may be more successful in complete obliteration in certain locations such as the anterior cranial fossa. 52 Stereotactic radiosurgery is usually reserved for DAVFs that cannot be treated by embolization or surgery.…”

Section: Natural History and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

et al. 2023

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Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are abnormal communications between meningeal arteries and dural venous sinuses and/or cortical veins. Although many fistulas are benign and do not require treatment, some may carry a significant risk of bleeding or cause symptoms and warrant treatment. This review provides a review of various aspects of intracranial DAVFs including epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, classification, natural history, and management options. By exploring these topics, we aim to enhance understanding of this condition and facilitate patient care.

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Cerebral venous disorders: Diagnosis and endovascular management

Cited by 11 publications

References 102 publications

Differential Assessment of Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis in Patients Undergoing CT and MRI with Contrast

Differential Assessment of Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis in Patients Undergoing CT and MRI with Contrast

Pediatric Interventional Neuroradiology

Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

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