Cerebrospinal Fluid

Cerebrospinal fluid cytology in patients with ependymoma

“…Fewer slides were prepared in the case of low-volume samples. 4,14 CSF cytology cases were diagnosed as 'negative' if only benign cells (lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, or scattered ependymal/choroids plexus cells) were present. Cases were diagnosed as 'atypical' if abnormal cells were identified that were not clearly recognizable as benign.…”

“…Cytologic examination of CSF remains clinically useful when leptomeningeal involvement by a neoplastic process is suspected, especially in patients with a disease recurrence. 4 Most ependymomas arise in the vicinity of the ventricles and in the spinal cord, and even normal ependymal cells occasionally exfoliate into CSF. Despite this, leptomeningeal spread of ependymoma is uncommon.…”

Aseptic Meningitis in Oral Medicine: Exploring the Key Elements for a Challenging Diagnosis: A Review of the Literature and Two Case Reports

“…Etiologies of AM can be categorized as infective and non-infective.Among the former, viral meningitis represents most of the cases [ 4 ], and it is commonly called “aseptic” meningitis, even if the term is inaccurate, in clinical practice [ 6 ].…”

Cartilage cells – A potential mimicker of malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid and a diagnostic pitfall

“…If the LP needle is inserted too far anteriorly, CSF can be contaminated by chondrocytes or bone marrow cells from the intervertebral disc or vertebral body, respectively. [3] Other non-neoplastic cellular elements that may be seen in the CSF include squamous cells, meningothelial cells, brain fragments, choroidal cells, ependymal cells, and hematopoietic elements from bone marrow or peripheral blood. [34] When cartilage cells are encountered in the CSF, chordoma and metastatic tumors such as liposarcoma and renal cell carcinoma have to be considered.…”

“…[3] Other non-neoplastic cellular elements that may be seen in the CSF include squamous cells, meningothelial cells, brain fragments, choroidal cells, ependymal cells, and hematopoietic elements from bone marrow or peripheral blood. [34] When cartilage cells are encountered in the CSF, chordoma and metastatic tumors such as liposarcoma and renal cell carcinoma have to be considered. [5] A cytologist should be aware of the presence and morphology of these extraneous cells as they are potential mimickers of malignancy.…”