Cerebrovascular Flow and Glucose Transport in the Hydrocephalic Rat

Kim, Soon C.; Tompkins, Paul; Pollay, Michael; Horton, Donald D.; Roberts, P. A.

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-68156-4_10

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…4 The validity of using the lumped constant (the ratio of the distribution spaces of 2-deoxyglucose and glucose in the brain 4~) in edematous white matter may be questioned; however, it has been shown that the maximum velocity and Michaelis constant for glucose transport are not significantly altered from control values by hydrocephalus. 34 In addition, Sutton,et al,6s have shown in an infusion model of white-matter edema that the increase in glucose utilization they observed is unaltered when corrected for dilution or recalculated based on the altered kinetic constants found in edematous brain. Mthough there is no significant change in the lumped constant after moderate changes in CBE this constant is known to increase in the presence of cerebral ischemia.…”

Section: Local Cerebral Glucose Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Both clinical 2,24,61 and experimental 23,27,34,35,47,5z studies have established that hydrocephalus is associated with a reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF), although not to levels considered low enough to cause cerebral ischemia. 7~ Previous work from this laboratory using a neonatal kitten model of hydrocephalus has confirmed the presence of cerebral hypoperfusion and has shown changes on magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy consistent with mild cerebral ischemia and delayed myelination (unpublished data).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Anaerobic glycolysis preceding white-matter destruction in experimental neonatal hydrocephalus

Chumas¹,

Drake²,

Bigio³

et al. 1994

Journal of Neurosurgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The metabolic changes in neonatal hydrocephalus that lead to permanent brain injury are not clearly defined, nor is the extent to which these changes can be prevented by a cerebrospinal fluid shunt. To clarify these processes, cerebral glucose utilization was examined using [14C]2-deoxyglucose autoradiography in 1-month-old kittens, kaolin-induced hydrocephalic littermates, and hydrocephalic kittens in which a ventriculoperitoneal shunt had been inserted 10 days after kaolin injection. The hydrocephalic kittens showed thinning of the cerebral mantle and an anterior-to-posterior gradient of enlargement of the ventricular system, with a ventricle:brain ratio of 24% for the frontal and 35% for the occipital horns compared with control (< 0.5%) and shunted (< 5%) animals. White matter in hydrocephalic animals was edematous. Myelination was delayed in the periventricular region and in the cores of the cerebral gyri. Glucose utilization in hydrocephalic and shunted animals was unchanged from control animals in all gray-matter regions examined. However, in hydrocephalic animals, the frontal white matter exhibited a significant increase in glucose utilization (25 mumol.100 gm-1.min-1) in the cores of gyri compared with normal surrounding white-matter values (14.8 mumol.100 gm-1.min-1). Very low values (mean 4 mumol.100 gm-1.min-1) were found in areas corresponding to severe white-matter edema, and these areas were surrounded by a halo of increased activity (24 mumol.100 gm-1.min-1). In contrast, cytochrome oxidase activity in white matter was homogeneous. Shunting resulted in restoration of the cerebral mantle thickness, a return to normal levels of glucose utilization in the white matter, and an improvement in myelination. It is suggested that the areas of increased glucose utilization seen in the white matter represent anaerobic glycolysis which, if untreated, progresses to infarction. The pattern of this increased glucose utilization matches that of expected myelination and, during this period of high energy demand, white matter may be susceptible to the hypoperfusion associated with hydrocephalus.

show abstract

Section: Local Cerebral Glucose Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic glycolysis preceding white-matter destruction in experimental neonatal hydrocephalus

Chumas¹,

Drake²,

Bigio³

et al. 1994

Journal of Neurosurgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…85 The onset and reversibility of these functional changes appear to be correlated with CBF. Significant decreases in cortical perfusion have been shown in adult and infant patients 8,43,50,[64][65][66]69,70,78,105,106,108,118,122,123 as well as in experimental animals 3,12,16,49,52,59,60,62,93,94,[98][99][100]102,105,111,121 with hydrocephalus. Metabolic alterations resulting from these ischemic episodes can occur as early as 5 days after the onset of hydrocephalus and become progressively more severe.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Hydrocephalusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal shunt therapy on afferent and efferent connections in the feline sensorimotor cortex

Eskandari

McAllister

Miller

et al. 2004

Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Collectively, analysis of these data indicates the following. 1) Cortical connectivity involving both afferent and efferent pathways was impaired in untreated hydrocephalic animals. 2) Shunt therapy improved both cortical afferent and efferent connectivity. 3) Complete reestablishment of the cortical efferent pathways, however, did not occur. Cortical pathway dysfunction, if permanent, could cause many of the motor and cognitive deficits seen clinically in children with hydrocephalus.

show abstract

Reduced Local Cerebral Blood Flow in Periventricular White Matter in Experimental Neonatal Hydrocephalus—Restoration with CSF Shunting

Silva¹,

Michowicz²,

Drake³

et al. 1995

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The extent to which the reduction in CBF occurring in hydrocephalus is a primary or secondary event in the pathogenesis of the brain injury that ensues has not been clearly established. This is particularly true in neonatal hydrocephalus, where the disorder is most common, and where timing of the treatment of the developing nervous system is so important. We investigated the changes in local CBF (lCBF) in an animal model of severe progressive neonatal hydrocephalus before and after CSF shunting. Hydrocephalus was induced in 27 1-week-old kittens by percutaneous injection of 0.05 ml of 25% kaolin into the cisterna magna. Fourteen littermates acted as controls. The lCBF was measured by 14C-iodoantipyrine quantitative autoradiography after 1 week in 15 animals (8 hydrocephalic, 7 controls) and after 3 weeks in 26 animals (19 hydrocephalic, 7 controls) following induction of hydrocephalus. Twelve of the 3-week hydrocephalic group received a ventriculoperitoneal shunt 10 days following kaolin injection. At 1 week following induction of hydrocephalus, lCBF was globally reduced in cortical gray matter and white matter as well as deep subcortical structures. The maximum reduction was in the parietal white matter, to 37% of control levels. At 3 weeks a significant reduction in lCBF persisted only in the white matter (parietal, occipital, and corpus callosum; average, 42% of control levels), whereas cortical gray and deep subcortical structures had returned to normal levels spontaneously.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

show abstract

Cerebrovascular Flow and Glucose Transport in the Hydrocephalic Rat

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Anaerobic glycolysis preceding white-matter destruction in experimental neonatal hydrocephalus

Anaerobic glycolysis preceding white-matter destruction in experimental neonatal hydrocephalus

Effects of hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal shunt therapy on afferent and efferent connections in the feline sensorimotor cortex

Reduced Local Cerebral Blood Flow in Periventricular White Matter in Experimental Neonatal Hydrocephalus—Restoration with CSF Shunting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About