Cerium: An Unlikely Replacement of Dysprosium in High Performance Nd–Fe–B Permanent Magnets

Abstract

Replacement of Dy and substitution of Nd in NdFeB-based permanent magnets by Ce, the most abundant and lowest cost rare earth element, is important because Dy and Nd are costly and critical rare earth elements. The Ce, Co co-doped alloys have excellent high-temperature magnetic properties with an intrinsic coercivity being the highest known for T ≥ 453 K.

Low-cost Ce1-xSmx(Fe, Co, Ti)12 alloys for permanent magnets

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] One material of interest is Ce(Fe,Co) 11 Ti that crystallizes in the tetragonal structure of ThMn 12 type (hereafter, "1:12"); the T C , M s and also the anisotropy field H a of this compound suggest a possibility to develop it into a medium-grade permanent magnet. [4][5][6] A significant discrepancy, however, exists between the H a reported for the most promising CeFe 9 Co 2 Ti composition in Ref.…”

Permanent magnetic properties of rapidly quenched (La,Ce) 2 Fe 14 B nanomaterials based on La–Ce mischmetal

“…Recently, with the rising price of neodymium, a growing number of efforts have been made to fabricate permanent magnets with both high light rare earth content and outstanding properties. Two methods were applied, one is substitution [5][6][7][8], and the other is to enhance the coercivity and energy product of Ce-based permanent magnets [9][10][11].…”

Intrinsic Magnetic Properties of Ce2Fe14B Modified by Al, Ni, or Si

“…The low cost and availability of Ce have driven interest in developing Ce-based permanent magnets to replace expensive Nd 2 Fe 14 B magnets in certain applications [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. This has resulted in investigation of Ce 2 Fe 14 B and its alloys [20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”