Cerium nitrate improves salt tolerance of wheat seedlings by regulating the antioxidant capacity of chloroplasts

Abstract

The effects of Ce(NO 3) 3 on the antioxidant capacity in the chloroplasts of salt-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings were investigated. The results showed that salt stress (40, 80, 120, or 160 mM NaCl) significantly increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), but significantly reduced the ratios of reduced ascorbate (AsA) to dehydroascorbate (DHA) and reduced glutathione to oxidizided glutathione (GSH/GSSG), the content of chlorophylls (Chls) and carotenoids, net photosynthetic rate, plant height, plant dry mass and root length compared with the control. Compared with NaCl stress alone, application of NaCl + Ce(NO 3) 3 further enhanced the activities of above mentioned enzymes, increased the ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG, the content of Chs and carotenoids, net photosynthetic rate, plant height, plant dry mass, and root length, and significantly reduced the content of MDA and H 2 O 2 in chloroplasts. Meanwhile, Ce(NO 3) 3 alone also significantly enhanced the above mentioned indicators, but had no significant effect on the content of MDA and H 2 O 2 compared with the control. Our results suggested that Ce(NO 3) 3 up-regulated the antioxidant capacity of chloroplast, which improved the wheat salt tolerance.

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“…For this study, we found that salt stress significantly reduced Chl and Car contents, P n , T r , g s and RWC of strawberry leaves, which was consistent with previous studies (Yang and Lu 2005, Faghih et al 2017, Avestan et al 2019, Zahedi et al 2019. Chen and Shan (2019) have reported that Ce increased Chl and Car contents, as well as water physiological parameters P n in wheat leaves under salt stress. However, there is still no report on the effects of Ce on water physiological parameters of strawberries under salt stress.…”

“…Increasing evidence showed that many exogenous chemicals improved the salt tolerance of plants, such as hydrogen sulfide and rare earth elements (REEs) (Chen and Shan 2019, Li et al 2020). Among REEs, scandium (Sc), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) have been shown to enhance the salt tolerance of plants (Huang and Shan 2018, Chen and Shan 2019, Elbasan et al 2020. For Ce, its role in improving salt tolerance has been studied on many crops, including food crop maize, cash crop cotton and fruit crop grapevine, etc.…”

“…the application of Ce in improving the salt tolerance of strawberries. Besides, many studies showed that Ce played an important role in improving salt tolerance through an antioxidant defence system (Hou et al 2018, Chen andShan 2019). Whereas there is no report on the effect of Ce on the antioxidant defence system of strawberries under salt stress.…”

Neodymium improves the activity of ascorbate-glutathione cycle and chloroplast function of wheat seedlings under chromium stress

“…It has been documented that the function of chloroplasts was closely related with the antioxidant capacity and the contents of photosynthetic pigments (Chen and Shan 2019). For the present study, our results clearly showed that Nd partly alleviated the negative effects of Cr on the contents of photosynthetic pigments Chl and Car.…”

Impacts of Cd on Temporal Dynamics of Nutrient Distribution Pattern of Bletilla striata, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Plant

“…Cd mainly accumulates in the roots of plants [6,7], which interferes with the growth and nutrient acquisition through the regulation of the rhizosphere environment [8]. When the Cd accumulates to toxic levels, severe physiological and biochemical disorders will be induced such as disturbances of nutrient absorption and transport which ultimately leads to production reduction [9]. Deficiency of any nutrient can cause obvious symptoms (such as chlorosis) and may be harmful to plants [10].…”