Cerium oxide standing out as an electron transport layer for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells processed at low temperature

Abstract

Low-temperature, solution-processed cerium oxide can serve as a promising electron transport layer to replace commonly used TiO2 in planar perovskite solar cells, with high efficiency and enhanced stability.

Cadmium-doped flexible perovskite solar cells with a low-cost and low-temperature-processed CdS electron transport layer

“…9,33 Meanwhile, the high cost of high-purity organic semiconductor electron transfer materials also make them unaffordable to large scale industrial photovoltaic application. 34 Very recently, Ke and Wang employed the SnO 2 and CeO x as ETL in PSCs via solution-processed with a PCE of 17.21%, 14.3%, respectively, 35,36 however, the processing temperature are near to $150 C, which will limit the application in exible substrates. WO x and In 2 O 3 are also applied in the PSCs for electrons transportation at a low synthesis temperature with a low PCE of 8.99% and 13.01%, respectively.…”

Analysing the Prospects of Perovskite Solar Cells within the Purview of Recent Scientific Advancements

“…They reported that this CeO x (x = 1.87) based electron transport material can be processed at low temperatures and is equally efficient for electron extraction from perovskite absorber layer. Stability test showed that this material is more robust as compared to conventional TiO 2 based ETL [159]. They also improvised a buffer layer of PC 61 BM between ETL and absorber to enhance the UV stability.…”

Annealing‐Free Cr2O3 Electron‐Selective Layer for Efficient Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Moreover,e fficient hole-blocking capacity is also necessary fora ne ffective ESL. These metal oxides include TiO 2 , [18] SnO 2 , [19,20] ZnO, [21,22] WO x , [23,24] Fe 2 O 3 , [5] CeO 2 , [25] Nb 2 O 5 , [26] and derivativess uch as BaSnO 3 , [27] Zn 2 SnO 4 , [28] Mg-doped metal oxides, [29] Nb-doped metal oxides, [24,30] and La-doped metal oxides. To date, the widely used ESL materials can be roughly divided into four categories: fullerene-based materials, [8][9][10] n-type conjugated polymers, [11,12] metal oxides, and metal chalcogenides.…”