Certain Dyes as Pharmacologically Active Substances in Fish Farming and Other Aquaculture Products

Verdon, Eric; Andersen, Wendy C.

doi:10.1002/9781118696781.ch9

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Triphenylmethane dyes are a class of veterinary drugs used as antifungal agents in aquaculture. They are important to monitor due to their potential carcinogenicity, but they can also be challenging to include in a multi-class screening method due to their unique chemical properties and need for low (1 μg/kg) detection limits [28]. Previously, it was shown that this HRMS screening method [13] could detect dyes in catfish and salmon that had been exposed to these compounds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application and evaluation of a high-resolution mass spectrometry screening method for veterinary drug residues in incurred fish and imported aquaculture samples

Turnipseed

Storey

et al. 2018

Anal Bioanal Chem

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The ability to detect chemical contaminants, including veterinary drug residues in animal products such as fish, is an important example of food safety analysis. In this paper, a liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) screening method using a quadrupole-Orbitrap instrument was applied to the analysis of veterinary drug residues in incurred tissues from aquacultured channel catfish, rainbow trout, and Atlantic salmon and imported aquacultured products including European eel, yellow croaker, and tilapia. Compared to traditional MS methods, the use of HRMS with nontargeted data acquisition and exact mass measurement capability greatly increased the scope of compounds that could be monitored simultaneously. The fish samples were prepared for analysis using a simple efficient procedure that consisted of an acidic acetonitrile extraction followed by solid phase extraction cleanup. Two different HRMS acquisition programs were used to analyze the fish extracts. This method detected and identified veterinary drugs including quinolones, fluoroquinolones, avermectins, dyes, and aminopenicillins at residue levels in fish that had been dosed with those compounds. A metabolite of amoxicillin, amoxicillin diketone, was also found at high levels in catfish, trout, and salmon. The method was also used to characterize drug residues in imported fish. In addition to confirming findings of fluoroquinolone and sulfonamide residues that were found by traditional targeted MS methods, several new compounds including 2-amino mebendazole in eel and ofloxacin in croaker were detected and identified. Graphical Abstract Aquacultured samples are analyzed with a high-resolution mass spectrometry screening method to detect and identify unusual veterinary drug residues including ofloxacin in an imported fish.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application and evaluation of a high-resolution mass spectrometry screening method for veterinary drug residues in incurred fish and imported aquaculture samples

Turnipseed

Storey

et al. 2018

Anal Bioanal Chem

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“…Triphenylmethane dyes are a class of chemical substances with antimicrobial and antiparasitic properties, largely used in aquaculture worldwide, primarily against fungal and external parasitic infections. Their high affinity for different cellular components makes them excellent biological stains (Verdon and Andersen, 2017), and they are also widely used as colouring agents in the textile industry and as a food additives (Culp and Beland, 1996). Therefore, dyestuff discharged into streams without any pre-treatment may represent additional sources of accumulation in fish tissue (Singh et al, 2011).…”

Section: Triphenylmethane Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Veterinary drugs residues are historically associated to aquaculture products (GESAMP, 1997), as its worldwide growth has been accompanied by an increase in their use, mainly for the treatment or prevention of parasitic and microbial diseases (Uchida et al, 2016;Verdon and Andersen, 2017). However, veterinary drugs residues were also found in wild fish, especially if caught close to aquaculture plants (Heberer, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides antimicrobials, substances belonging to the triphenylmethane dyes group (e.g. green malachite, crystal violet and their metabolites) are the chemical substances most widely used in the treatment of fungal and protozoa infections in aquaculture (Verdon and Andersen, 2017;Verdon et al, 2015). However, they have risen concerns due to genotoxic and carcinogenic properties (Oplatowska et al, 2011;Verdon et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residues of veterinary drugs in fish and fish products: An analysis of RASFF data over the last 20 years

et al. 2022

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“…Vat dyes, commonly used in cotton dyeing [26,27], feature resilient options like indigo, benzanthrone, and anthraquinone [28,29]. Triarylmethane dyes, including malachite green and crystal violet, exhibit persistence, particularly in aquaculture applications [30]. The persistence of these dyes in wastewater streams necessitates advanced treatment methods, as traditional approaches often struggle to degrade these compounds effectively [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Metal Oxides, Dyes, and Dissolved Organic Matter in Water: Implications for the Environment and Human Health

Kolya,

Kang

2024

Toxics

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This study delves into the critical issue of water pollution caused by the presence of metal oxides, synthetic dyes, and dissolved organic matter, shedding light on their potential ramifications for both the environment and human health. Metal oxides, ubiquitous in industrial processes and consumer products, are known to leach into water bodies, posing a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, synthetic dyes, extensively used in various industries, can persist in water systems and exhibit complex chemical behavior. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the toxicity associated with metal oxides, synthetic dyes, and dissolved organic matter in water systems. We delve into the sources and environmental fate of these contaminants, highlighting their prevalence in natural water bodies and wastewater effluents. The study highlights the multifaceted impacts of them on human health and aquatic ecosystems, encompassing effects on microbial communities, aquatic flora and fauna, and the overall ecological balance. The novelty of this review lies in its unique presentation, focusing on the toxicity of metal oxides, dyes, and dissolved organic matter. This approach aims to facilitate the accessibility of results for readers, providing a streamlined and clear understanding of the reported findings.

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Certain Dyes as Pharmacologically Active Substances in Fish Farming and Other Aquaculture Products

Cited by 5 publications

References 138 publications

Application and evaluation of a high-resolution mass spectrometry screening method for veterinary drug residues in incurred fish and imported aquaculture samples

Application and evaluation of a high-resolution mass spectrometry screening method for veterinary drug residues in incurred fish and imported aquaculture samples

Residues of veterinary drugs in fish and fish products: An analysis of RASFF data over the last 20 years

Toxicity of Metal Oxides, Dyes, and Dissolved Organic Matter in Water: Implications for the Environment and Human Health

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