Cervical spine injury biomechanics: Applications for under body blast loadings in military environments

Yoganandan, Narayan; Stemper, Brian D.; Pintar, Frank A.; Maiman, Dennis J.; McEntire, B. J.; Chancey, Valeta Carol

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.05.007

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Injuries differ from each other, during the action of the mechanism of pure compression, vertebral compression occurs and flexion mechanism causes distraction of the rear parts of the spine and injuries of joints, in reaction to stress in the upper part of the cervical spine injuries occur and fracture of endplates separating adjacent intervertebral discs. Yogananda and Stemper (2013) put forward the thesis that other biomechanical reaction results are to be obtained by applying axial compressive force to formulations, but by using a higher loading speed (Yoganandan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of the Risk of Neck Injuries Caused By IED Explosion under the Vehicle in Military Environments

Mackiewicz

Sławiński

Niezgoda

et al. 2016

Acta Mechanica Et Automatica

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Abstract:As a result of an explosion under a military vehicle, the risk of threat to life and health of the crew increases. Examination of this event in terms of the security of soldiers comes down to a complex analysis of the mutual interaction of the body of a soldier, seating and structural elements of the vehicle. As a result, shock wave impacts can cause tremor resulting from the construction of the vehicle and acceleration of the passenger's body. This study attempts to analyze the impact of an explosion of an improvised explosive device (IED) under the military vehicle with the risk of cervical spine injuries of soldiers. The analysis was carried out using numerical methods in the LS-DYNA program and was carried out taking into account the variable displacement values and acceleration recorded during the\ explosion. The study used a model of the body of a soldier in the form of a Hybrid III 50th Male Dummy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of the Risk of Neck Injuries Caused By IED Explosion under the Vehicle in Military Environments

Mackiewicz

Sławiński

Niezgoda

et al. 2016

Acta Mechanica Et Automatica

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“…Vertical loading from improvised explosive devices is a causal factor for injury in recent military conflicts (Gangani and Vidye, 2013;Wang et al, 2001;Yoganandan et al, 2013). Sub-system and component tests are needed to investigate injury mechanisms and derive tolerance criteria under the vertical mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Vertical accelerator device to apply loads simulating blast environments in the military to human surrogates

Yoganandan

Pintar

Schlick

et al. 2015

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…Of those with a skeletal cervical injury only 20% will have cord injury [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] . The force required to fracture the spine is high, with one study showing that 1000 N is required to fracture the cervical spine [10] and another showing a minimum of 3000 N to fracture the lumbar spine [11] , making such injuries unlikely. There has, however, been significant concern that a minor injury can become debilitating during the process of moving the patient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical collars and immobilisation: A South African best practice recommendation

Stanton

Hardcastle

Muhlbauer

et al. 2017

African Journal of Emergency Medicine

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IntroductionThe consequences of spinal injury as a result of trauma can be devastating. Spinal immobilisation using hard trauma boards and rigid cervical collars has traditionally been the standard response to suspected spinal injury patients even though the risk may be extremely low. Recently, adverse events due to the method of immobilisation have challenged the need for motion restriction in all trauma patients. International guidelines have been published for protection of the spine during transport and this article brings those guidelines into the South African context.RecommendationsTrauma patients need to be properly assessed using both an approved list of high and low risk factors, as well as a thorough examination. They should then be managed accordingly. Internationally validated assessment strategies have been developed, and should be used as part of the patient assessment. The method of motion restriction should be selected to suit the situation. The use of a vacuum mattress is the preferable technique, with the use of a trauma board being the least desirable.ConclusionThe need for motion restriction in suspected spinal injury should be properly evaluated and appropriate action taken. Not all trauma patients require spinal motion restriction.

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Cervical spine injury biomechanics: Applications for under body blast loadings in military environments

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Numerical Analysis of the Risk of Neck Injuries Caused By IED Explosion under the Vehicle in Military Environments

Numerical Analysis of the Risk of Neck Injuries Caused By IED Explosion under the Vehicle in Military Environments

Vertical accelerator device to apply loads simulating blast environments in the military to human surrogates

Cervical collars and immobilisation: A South African best practice recommendation

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