Cesarean Section Delivery Is Not a Risk Factor for Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-based Analysis

Bernstein, Çharles N.; Banerjee, Anirban; Targownik, Laura E.; Singh, Harminder; Ghia, Jean–Eric; Burchill, Charles; Château, Dan; Roos, Leslie L.

doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2015.08.005

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…No neonatal markers of health were found to be predictive of the eventual development of IBD. We have previously reported that neither undergoing birth by cesarean section 13 nor being born to a mother who experienced antenatal or perinatal infections requiring antibiotics predicted later development of IBD. 19 If delivery mode or maternal microbiota do influence the neonate's microbiota at a vulnerable time, or if other markers of neonatal ill health, as we explored in this study, have an impact on neonatal microbiome or immune system development, 20,21 these changes seemingly can all be overcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…12 Because higher socioeconomic status at birth poses a risk for developing IBD, and prolonged breastfeeding may be protective against developing IBD, then further research will need to tease out which has a greater impact on ultimate development of IBD. 12 We have previously shown that among persons ultimately diagnosed with IBD, compared to controls there was no difference in likelihood of initiating breastfeeding just after delivery, 13 however, studies are needed to ascertain whether the duration of breastfeeding, as well as the exclusivity of breastfeeding (to what extent or at what age formula or table food was introduced) impact on the development of IBD. This will require a prospective study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Events Within the First Year of Life, but Not the Neonatal Period, Affect Risk for Later Development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

et al. 2019

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Events Within the First Year of Life, but Not the Neonatal Period, Affect Risk for Later Development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

et al. 2019

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“…Several studies have evaluated whether mode of delivery is associated with autoimmune disease risk, with conflicting results. A Canadian study did not show any such effect (10), while a Danish registry study showed C-section was associated with small yet significant increases in the risk of a variety of conditions, including IBD and JIA (11). Thus, mode of delivery may result in altered programming of the developing microbiota, with these changes potentially manifesting themselves for many years.…”

Section: Development Of the Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiota in pediatric rheumatic disease: epiphenomenon or therapeutic target?

Stoll

Cron

2016

Current Opinion in Rheumatology

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Purpose of review-There has been increasing interest in the contents and function of the microbiota, as it relates to pediatric inflammatory diseases. Here we discuss the factors underlying the development of the microbiota, its role in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and prospects for therapeutic interventions in the microbiota.Recent findings-The human microbiota undergoes a succession of changes, until it reaches a mature form. A variety of early-life exposures, including mode of delivery and form of feeding, can affect the contents of the microbiota and possibly impact upon long-term risk of developing autoimmune diseases. The microbiota is altered in children with JIA, including elevated Bacteroides genus in JIA as a whole and decreased Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in pediatric spondyloarthritis. Although there is limited data so far indicating that microbiota-based therapies can result in therapeutic improvement of arthritis, most of the data is in adults and thus may not be applicable to children.Summary-Perturbations of the microbiota during childhood may result in the development of a microbiota associated with increased risk of pediatric rheumatic illness. Whether the microbiota can be targeted is a focus of ongoing research.

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“…Method of delivery (cesarean section versus vaginal delivery) differentially affects the neonatal intestinal microbiota composition, with vaginal and fecal flora colonizing the newborn gut if born vaginally and typical skin flora if born via cesarean section 37. A Danish cohort study of infants born between 1973 and 2008 demonstrated that cesarean sections were associated with a moderately increased risk of IBD; however, this finding was recently disputed by Bernstein et al, who observed that patients with IBD were not more likely to have been born via cesarean section than controls or their siblings without IBD 38,39…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: current and therapeutic insights

Lane¹,

Zisman²,

Suskind³

2017

JIR

197

122

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a heterogeneous group of chronic disorders that result from the interaction of the intestinal immune system with the gut microbiome. Until recently, most investigative efforts and therapeutic breakthroughs were centered on understanding and manipulating the altered mucosal immune response that characterizes these diseases. However, more recent studies have highlighted the important role of environmental factors, and in particular the microbiota, in disease onset and disease exacerbation. Advances in genomic sequencing technology and bioinformatics have facilitated an explosion of investigative inquiries into the composition and function of the intestinal microbiome in health and disease and have advanced our understanding of the interplay between the gut microbiota and the host immune system. The gut microbiome is dynamic and changes with age and in response to diet, antibiotics and other environmental factors, and these alterations in the microbiome contribute to disease onset and exacerbation. Strategies to manipulate the microbiome through diet, probiotics, antibiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation may potentially be used therapeutically to influence modulate disease activity. This review will characterize the factors involved in the development of the intestinal microbiome and will describe the typical alterations in the microbiota that are characteristic of inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, this manuscript will summarize the early but promising literature on the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease with implications for utilizing this data for diagnostic or therapeutic application in the clinical management of patients with these diseases.

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Cesarean Section Delivery Is Not a Risk Factor for Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-based Analysis

Cited by 38 publications

References 30 publications

Events Within the First Year of Life, but Not the Neonatal Period, Affect Risk for Later Development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Events Within the First Year of Life, but Not the Neonatal Period, Affect Risk for Later Development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

The microbiota in pediatric rheumatic disease: epiphenomenon or therapeutic target?

The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: current and therapeutic insights

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