Cesarean section rate: The effect of age and parity

Abstract

Objective:To determine the impact of age and parity on Cesarean section rate. Methods: Between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 1998, 7671 women delivered in two Jordanian military hospitals (Prince Rhashed Hospital (PRH) and Prince Zaid Hospital (PZH)). A total of 717 Cesarean sections were performed during the same period. Patients who underwent Cesarean section were divided into three age groups: (i) <25 years (n = 140); (ii) 25-35 years (n = 231); and (iii) >35 years (n = 346). In addition, these patients were divided into five parity (P) groups: (i) P0 (n = 85); (ii) P1 (n = 68); (iii) P2 (n = 83); (iv) P3 (n = 106); and (v) >P3 (n = 375). Information abstracted included maternal characteristics and indications for Cesarean section. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson's Chi-squared test to evaluate the association between age, parity and Cesarean section. Results: Of 7671 deliveries conducted during the study period, 717 Cesarean sections were performed, giving an incidence of 9.3%. The Cesarean section rate in the <25, 25-35 and >35 years age groups was 5.2, 6.9, and 20.9%, respectively. The Cesarean section rate in the P0->P3 parity groups was 8.5, 7.1, 7.4, 6.3 and 12.9%, respectively. According to the indications, a statistically significant increase in Cesarean section rates with increasing maternal age and parity (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) was observed. Conclusion: The Cesarean section rate was positively influenced by increasing maternal age and parity.

High cesarean prevalence in a national population‐based study in Brazil: the role of private practice

“…Our results corroborate what has been observed in smaller surveys carried out in the country regarding the effect of higher education and greater risk for cesarean (9,15,21). In the international context, our results agree with investigations which revealed an association between more advanced age, primiparity, and cesarean delivery (10)(11)(12)(13).…”

“…The identification of factors associated with surgical delivery is important in order to better understand the current cesarean epidemic. The variables frequently associated with surgical delivery include race (9,10), maternal age (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), primiparity (11,12,15,17), maternal education (18), low stature (12,16), high pre-gestational body mass index (12,19), antenatal care (14), excessive gestational weight gain (12,19), and pregnancy complications (5,12). It is important that new evidence is documented regarding the risk factors associated with a high CS rate.…”

Per operative findings in repeat cesarean section

“…Thus increased parity was found to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcome and to increase the cesarean section rate. [2][3][4][5][6] Repeat cesarean section makes future obstetrics performances and abdominal exploration risky. Cesarean section has several inherent complications but maternal and fetal wellbeing, timing of birth, the surgeon's experience and the infrastructure of the centre, the surgical technique and the risk of anesthesia are factors that play an important role in the emergence of complications.…”

Maternal and Fetal Outcomes ın Caesarean Sectıons Repeated Fourth and Fıfth Tımes

“…In the modern world, sterilization is suggested to women who undergone the third CS due to the hypothesis that the risk of uterine scar rupture or other maternal preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative complications increase throughout the pregnancy after three or more CSs (8). However, in the developing countries, there is a trend to have a large family which is affected by religion, culture, tradition and socio-economical factors and increased parity was also found to be associated with higher order CSs number (9). Even in developing countries, there is a regional differences such as in rural areas due to the lack of ability to reach contraceptives and having desire to have more children or sometimes to have a male child leads to a higher repeat CS rate.…”