Chain Packing in Electro-Spun Poly(ethylene oxide) Visualized by Atomic Force Microscopy

Jaeger, Raimund; Schönherr, Holger; Vancso, Gyula J.

doi:10.1021/ma9610673

Cited by 139 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The increase in ordered microstructure of polymer chains likely contributed to the enhanced mechanical properties of the electrospun P(VDF-TrFE) fibers as has been observed for other polymer types. 43,44 Furthermore, the predicted Young's modulus by Equation 9 can be curve-fitted to the degree of crystallinity with an R 2 =0.96 as shown in Fig. 8b, further demonstrating the strong correlation between the crystallinity and the fiber mechanical properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Size-dependent piezoelectric and mechanical properties of electrospun P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers for enhanced energy harvesting

et al. 2016

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Piezoelectricity-based energy harvesting from wasted mechanical energies has garnered an increasing attention as a clean energy source. Especially, flexible organic piezoelectric materials provide an opportunity to exploit their uses in the mechanically challenging areas where brittle inorganic counterparts have mechanical limitations. In this regard, electrospinning has shown its advantages of producing poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based nanofibrous structures without the necessity of a secondary processing to induce/increase piezoelectric properties. However, the effects of electrospun fiber dimension, one of the main morphological parameters in electrospun fibers, on piezoelectricity have not been fully understood. In this study, two dependent design of experiments (DOEs) were utilized to systematically control the dimensions of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) to produce nanofibers having their diameter ranging from 1000 to sub-100 nm. Such a dimensional reduction resulted in the increase of piezoelectric responsible electroactive phase content and the degree of crystallinity. These changes in crystal structure led to approximately 2-fold increase in piezoelectric constant as compared to typical P(VDF-TrFE) thin films. More substantially, the dimensional reduction also increased the Young's modulus of the nanofibers up to approximately 80-fold. The increases in piezoelectric constant and Young's modulus collectively enhanced piezoelectric performance, resulting in the exponential increase in electric output of nanofiber mats when the fiber diameters were reduced from 860 nm down to 90 nm.Taken together, the results suggest a new strategy to improve the piezoelectric performance of electrospun P(VDF-TrFE) via optimization of their electromechanical and mechanical properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Size-dependent piezoelectric and mechanical properties of electrospun P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers for enhanced energy harvesting

et al. 2016

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“…[17] Chen et al [18] also reported a very high orientational order for the particular case of nanofibers produced from poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) with WAXD. The molecular orientation was also suggested in electrospun poly(ethylene oxide) fibers by Vancso [19] and Deitzel [20] and their co-workers with AFM measurements and WAXD. Whereas Fennessey and Farris [15] reported that the electrospun fibers were unoriented or isotropic when collected onto a stationary target and became gradually more oriented as the take-up speed was increased.…”

Section: Molecular Orientation In Electrospun Fibersmentioning

confidence: 69%

Mechanical Properties of a Single Electrospun Fiber and Its Structures

Ren

et al. 2005

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

135

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Summary: A method to measure the Young's modulus of a single electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber is reported. The Young's modulus can be calculated from the force‐displacement curves obtained by the bending of a single fiber attached to an atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilever. It is suggested that the high modulus of electrospun fibers is caused by the orientation of molecular chains, which is confirmed by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements. The communication will provide a basic understanding of the relationship between mechanical properties and structures of electrospun fibers.A PAN fiber was attached to a contact mode cantilever to facilitate the measurement of force‐displacement curves and Young's modulus.imageA PAN fiber was attached to a contact mode cantilever to facilitate the measurement of force‐displacement curves and Young's modulus.

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“…[72] Vancso and co-workers investigated the structures of electrospun PEO nanofibers by optical and atomic force microscopy and concluded that the fibers possessed a surface layer, at least, of highly ordered polymer chains. [73] Pedicini and Farris characterized the stress±strain behavior of electrospun mats of poly(urethane) (PU) fibers and found that the mats exhibited a fundamentally different stress±strain response curve in uniaxial tensile tests. [74] This difference was believed to arise from the orientation of chains in the electrospun fibers.…”

Section: Alignment On the Molecular Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospinning of Nanofibers: Reinventing the Wheel?

Xia²

2004

Advanced Materials

5,098

3,429

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Electrospinning provides a simple and versatile method for generating ultrathin fibers from a rich variety of materials that include polymers, composites, and ceramics. This article presents an overview of this technique, with focus on progress achieved in the last three years. After a brief description of the setups for electrospinning, we choose to concentrate on the mechanisms and theoretical models that have been developed for electrospinning, as well as the ability to control the diameter, morphology, composition, secondary structure, and spatial alignment of electrospun nanofibers. In addition, we highlight some potential applications associated with the remarkable features of electrospun nanofibers. Our discussion is concluded with some personal perspectives on the future directions in which this wonderful technique could be pursued.

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Chain Packing in Electro-Spun Poly(ethylene oxide) Visualized by Atomic Force Microscopy

Cited by 139 publications

References 20 publications

Size-dependent piezoelectric and mechanical properties of electrospun P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers for enhanced energy harvesting

Size-dependent piezoelectric and mechanical properties of electrospun P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers for enhanced energy harvesting

Mechanical Properties of a Single Electrospun Fiber and Its Structures

Electrospinning of Nanofibers: Reinventing the Wheel?

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