Chaining watermarks for detecting malicious modifications to streaming data

A Reversible Watermarking Scheme Based on Difference Expansion for Wireless Sensor Networks

“…The algorithm can apply to the real-time requirements in WSN and not affect the normal use of perception data as long as the error introduced by the embedded hidden information is in a limited range. In [2], Guo, et al, proposed a novel fragile watermarking algorithm which verifies the integrity of streaming data at the application layer. The data are divided into groups based on synchronization points, so each group can be synchronized and any modifications made to one group only affect no more than two groups.…”

“…So the digital watermarking technology is introduced. Watermarking has been popularly used in security scheme in WSNs [1][2][3][4][5][6], mainly based on changing the least significant bit or embedding some blank space, which increases the length of the data packet or destructs the accuracy of the original data to some extent. Such changes often do not affect the visual perception and information expression of images or any other multimedia data with high redundancy.…”

A Secure Data Transmission Scheme Based on Information Hiding in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…H.P Guo et al [10] used the watermarking method to verify the integrity of streaming data. The watermark is generated and embedded into the data, which are grouped on synchronization points.…”

“…In this case, information hiding technology is introduced to protect the data in wireless sensor networks [8][9][10][11][12]. Our method is hidding the encrypted sensitive information into other ordinary data by using some information hiding methods.…”

Detection of Image Tampering over Diverse information Security Schemata: A State-of-the-Art

“…Huiping Guo, Yingjiu Li, Sushil Jajodia in [15], the authors implemented chaining of watermarks wherein the data were divided to form groups of synchronization points which insisted modifications made to one group affected other two groups. Watermarks are embedded unique to each group to save communications bandwidth henceforth making flexible the process of detection and location of modifications if any made to the data stream.…”