Challenges in the Restoration of Quartzitic and Ironstone Rupestrian Grasslands

Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson; Toma, Tiago Shizen Pacheco; Angrisano, Patrícia; Overbeck, Gerhard E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29808-5_19

Cited by 36 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Reporting species translocation results including success or failure is very important for the improvement of restoration actions (Godefroid & Vanderborght ; Drayton & Primack ), especially in tropical grassland ecosystems, where ecological restoration is not as developed as in temperate grasslands (Fernandes et al ). We showed that species survival, growth, and/or recruitment vary over the years, which emphasize the importance of long‐term monitoring of restoration projects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The environmental constraints of degraded areas, such as disturbed soil, put an important pressure on the recruitment process (Fernandes et al ). Despite this potential limitation for species recruitment and establishment, Chamaecrista semaphora , Diplusodon orbicularis , Diplusodon hirsutus , Mimosa foliolosa , and Marcetia taxifolia presented numerous new seedlings in the degraded area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ecosystem is threatened by activities such as mining, quarrying, road construction, invasive species, frequent fires, and urban expansion (Fernandes et al , ). These human activities disrupt the soil's physical and chemical structure, and deplete the seed bank.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term monitoring of shrub species translocation in degraded Neotropical mountain grassland

Gomes

Negreiros

Fernandes

et al. 2017

Restoration Ecology

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The introduction of plant species is a central topic in restoration ecology research. It is an effective technique to restore degraded ecosystems that present low resilience, such as the rupestrian grasslands. Once implemented, the transplantation of native species is monitored only in the short term, whereas long-term monitoring should be preferred to identify potential changes in the restoration results. Our study is the first assessment of the transplantation success of 10 native shrub species in a degraded area of rupestrian grasslands, 8.5 years after transplantation. Survival, growth, and recruitment were assessed in 2004, 2008, and 2012. For all species, survival, growth, and recruitment varied over time. Although some species exhibited great mortality during the last 4 years, they also showed a great resprouting ability. Our results highlighted a trade-off between survival and recruitment capacity. Most of the studied species showed remarkable ability to adapt to the extreme environment of the degraded area, persisting either through surviving or recruiting new individuals. We list nine native species, which are well appropriated for rupestrian grasslands restoration. In constrained environments, survival and resistance should represent criteria to select species for restoration project rather than fast growth and ground cover.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term monitoring of shrub species translocation in degraded Neotropical mountain grassland

Gomes

Negreiros

Fernandes

et al. 2017

Restoration Ecology

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“…One of the ways to reduce damage to rupestrian grasslands, yet maintain anthropic activities important to the country's economy such as mining, is through the recovery of degraded areas. However, ecological restoration of degraded areas of rupestrian grasslands is hampered mainly by a the lack of knowledge about appropriate management techniques that could enhance the physical and chemical characteristics of substrates and limited knowledge about the biology of native species suitable for the revegetation of these areas (Figueiredo et al 2012;Silveira et al 2015;Fernandes et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results indicate the need for detailed investigations in search of plant species tolerant to the chemical conditions of the substrate of degraded areas, and for proposing interventions in the physical characteristics (grain size) of the substrate in order to facilitate plant establishment. In addition, floristic and ecological studies of reference areas in rupestrian grasslands are important tools for the development of strategies that can contribute to the recovery of degraded areas in these environments (Fernandes et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing Periandra mediterranea on post-mining substrate: native Fabaceae with potential for revegetation of degraded rupestrian grasslands in Brazil

et al. 2018

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Recovery of degraded areas of rupestrian grasslands is hampered mainly by the limited knowledge regarding substrate management and the biology of native species suitable for revegetation of these areas. Th e aim of our study was to examine the establishment and growth of Periandra mediterranea in diff erent textures of lateritic substrate from a mining-degraded area. Th e growth of P. mediterranea was evaluated using fi ne and coarse laterite, both with and without the addition of topsoil. Survival, dry biomass, content of chemical elements and nodulation were evaluated in ten individuals per treatment sixteen months after planting. Although the substrate has low nutrient content, yet high metal concentrations, all plants survived. Plants growing on coarse laterite had 140 % greater biomass than those growing on fi ne laterite. Th e addition of topsoil increased biomass in coarse and fi ne laterite by 46 and 151 %, respectively, and doubled the number of nodulated plants, regardless of grain size. Th e biomass accumulation of P. mediterranea to a dystrophic substrate revealed its potential for use in the revegetation of degraded areas of rupestrian grasslands. Furthermore, the addition of topsoil facilitated the association of P. mediterranea with nitrogen-fi xing bacteria, and increased its growth and capacity to improve substrate fertility.

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Differential response of fire on the community dynamics of five insect taxa in a tropical mountaintop forest archipelago

Kuchenbecker,

Camarota,

da Silva

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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The Earth's most diverse group of organisms is facing an imminent crisis, as recent investigations suggest a remarkable decline in insect diversity. Within this context, altimontane forest islands might emerge as important refuges holding an invaluable diversity of species that would be doomed to disappear. Here, we aimed to examine the impact of fire on the temporal variation of ant, bee, butterfly, dung beetle, and wasp communities in natural and highly threatened altimontane forest islands. We predicted that fire incidence would increase the natural variation in the structure of these insects' communities over time. Furthermore, we predicted that each taxon would respond accordingly to their ability to move between forest islands (i.e., vagility). We sampled these five bioindicator taxa in the rainy seasons of 2014, 2015, 2018, and 2020 within 14 forest islands in southeast Brazil. We assessed the incidence (presence/absence) of fire occurrence on each forest island toward the end of the dry season in each sampling year. We found an influence of fire incidence on the species composition changes over time (temporal β‐diversity) in the less vagile insect groups: ants, and dung beetles. Nevertheless, we found no influence of fire incidence on shifts in species composition of highly vagile insects: bees, butterflies, and wasps. Importantly, species turnover was the primary component of temporal β‐diversity driving the interannual variation of all insect taxa examined in this study. Our results highlight the distinct responses of more‐or‐less vagile insect groups to fire in forested ecosystems and shed light on the drivers of vulnerability and resilience of these groups to this critical anthropogenic pressure. By understanding and elucidating the intricate responses of distinct insect communities to global stressors, we can strengthen our capacity to predict future trends in biodiversity decline and provide valuable insights for conservation efforts and environmental management strategies.

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Challenges in the Restoration of Quartzitic and Ironstone Rupestrian Grasslands

Cited by 36 publications

References 99 publications

Long‐term monitoring of shrub species translocation in degraded Neotropical mountain grassland

Long‐term monitoring of shrub species translocation in degraded Neotropical mountain grassland

Growing Periandra mediterranea on post-mining substrate: native Fabaceae with potential for revegetation of degraded rupestrian grasslands in Brazil

Differential response of fire on the community dynamics of five insect taxa in a tropical mountaintop forest archipelago

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