Challenges of Measuring Residual Stresses in Large Girth Welded Pipe Spools by Neutron Diffraction

Yao, Rongbin; Paradowska, A; Eren, Elvin; Wang, B

doi:10.21741/9781945291173-97

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is extremely difficult to measure the residual stress of large-diameter pipeline, and the evolution law of stress is not fully revealed. Ren et al [16] measured the residual stress in a pipeline via the neutron diffraction technology. They stated that, for such large components, residual stress measurement required tremendous preparation and planning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Confirmation of a Bimetallic Pipe Forming Process

Dong

Wang

et al. 2020

Materials

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Most oil and gas is transported by pipeline, and corrosion causes a great threat to the service life of the pipeline; bimetallic pipe, which combines the advantages of good mechanical properties, good corrosion resistance, and relatively low price, is a good choice for high-pressure and corrosion-resistant pipe, but its manufacturing process and stress distribution are more complex than single metal pipe. JCO is a widely used cold forming method for pipes which is named by the shape of the plate in the forming process, i.e. J-shape, C-shape and O-shape, and the forming process is an important parameter that determines the level of imperfections and residual stresses in a pipe, and residual tensile stress will accelerate corrosion failure of the pipe. In this study, the three-dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate the pre-bending and JCO forming process of a 2205/X65 bimetallic pipe. The model and the simulated results are validated by digital image correlation (DIC) experimental and the opening width of the formed pipe billet, respectively. The influence factors of the stresses are studied. Further, a two-dimensional (2D) model is established to study the characteristics of bimetallic plate bending and the stress distribution at the interface of different materials, and the results are compared with that of three-dimensional model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Confirmation of a Bimetallic Pipe Forming Process

Dong

Wang

et al. 2020

Materials

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“…The residual stresses in a welded joint of two segments of pipes with the external diameter of 356.6 mm and the wall thickness of 19.1 mm which had been made of API 5L X65 steel were investigated by means of the method of neutron diffraction [11]. For this case, it has been shown that post weld heat treatment (PWHT) after welding reduces the axial residual stresses up to 20% of the yield strength of the base metal, and the circular residual stresses up to 30% of the yield strength of the metal weld.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of residual stresses for multi-layer circumferential welds of oil and gas pipelines

Kychma¹,

Predko²

2019

Diagnostyka

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The article presents results of investigation of residual stresses for multi-layer circumferential welds of oil and gas pipelines. The research was carried out on a designed and manufactured testing equipment for the experimental determination of the stress state parameters in the zone of multi-layer welded joints of pipe segments with the external diameter of 1020 mm and the wall thicknesses of 9.5 mm, of 14 mm, and of 22 mm which were made of carbon steels of different quality (13G1S, 13G1SU, 17G1S and 17G1SU). Determination of residual stresses in the zone of multi-layered circumferential welds of pipe segments was carried out by means of the method by the electronic speckle-interferometry and by the method of magnetoelasticity. On the basic of analysis of the obtained graphic dependences, the recommendations for engineering practice are suggested.

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Residual Stress State of X65 Pipeline Girth Welds Before and After Local and Furnace Post Weld Heat Treatment

Ren

Paradowska

Wang

et al. 2017

Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology

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This research investigated the effects of global (in other words, furnace-based) and local post weld heat treatment (PWHT) on residual stress (RS) relaxation in API 5L X65 pipe girth welds. All pipe spools were fabricated using identical pipeline production procedures for manufacturing multi-pass narrow gap welds. Non-destructive neutron diffraction (ND) strain scanning was carried out on girth welded pipe spools and strain-free comb samples for the determination of the lattice spacing. All residual stress 1 Corresponding author information can be added as a footnote.Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 2 measurements were carried out at the KOWARI strain scanning instrument at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO).Residual stresses were measured on two pipe spools in as-welded condition and two pipe spools after local and furnace PWHT. Measurements were conducted through the thickness in the weld material and adjacent parent metal starting from the weld toes. Besides, three line-scans along pipe length were made 3mm below outer surface, at pipe wall mid-thickness and 3mm above the inner surface. PWHT was carried out for stress relief; one pipe was conventionally heat treated entirely in an enclosed furnace and the other was locally heated by a flexible ceramic heating pad. Residual stresses measured after PWHT were at exactly the same locations as those in as-welded condition.Residual stress states of the pipe spools in as-welded condition and after PWHT were compared and the results were presented in full stress maps. Additionally, through-thickness residual stress profiles and the results of one line scan (3mm below outer surface) were compared with the respective residual stress profiles advised in British Standard BS 7910 "Guide to methods for assessing the acceptability of flaws in metallic structures" and the UK nuclear industry's R6 procedure. The residual stress profiles in as-welded condition were similar. With the given parameters, local PWHT has effectively reduced residual stresses in the pipe spool to such a level that it prompted the thought that local PWHT can be considered a substitute for global PWHT.

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Challenges of Measuring Residual Stresses in Large Girth Welded Pipe Spools by Neutron Diffraction

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Confirmation of a Bimetallic Pipe Forming Process

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Confirmation of a Bimetallic Pipe Forming Process

Estimation of residual stresses for multi-layer circumferential welds of oil and gas pipelines

Residual Stress State of X65 Pipeline Girth Welds Before and After Local and Furnace Post Weld Heat Treatment

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