Challenges to capture the big five personality traits in non-WEIRD populations

Laajaj, Rachid; Macours, Karen; Hernandez, Daniel Alejandro Pinzon; Arias, Omar; Gosling, Samuel D.; Potter, Jeff; Rubio‐Codina, Marta; Vakis, Renos

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw5226

Cited by 162 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The lacking relationship between personality traits and brain structure is in line with the previous finding of Kharabian Masouleh et al (Kharabian Masouleh S et al 2019), reporting little robust correspondence between complex behavior and local brain structure. Though our samples all were from WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic) populations (Laajaj R et al 2019), it is possible that functional processes underlying the responses were not comparable across samples. The observation that a more genetically homogeneous group shows stronger phenotypic correlation between personality traits and grey matter structure could have multiple explanations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and local brain structure: their shared genetic basis and reproducibility

Valk

Hoffstaedter

Camilleri

et al. 2019

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33Personality traits are key indices of inter-individual variation. Personality is heritable and 34 associated with brain structure and function. To date, it is unknown whether the relation 35 between personality and brain macrostructure can be explained by shared genetic factors. In a 36 large-scale twin sample, we show that key personality traits, e.g. agreeableness and 37 extraversion, were genetically associated with thickness of specific brain regions. Second, we 38 observed that spatial patterns of phenotypic and genetic correlations between personality and 39 cortical thickness were significantly positive, suggesting a genetic basis for phenotypic 40 associations. However, these findings did not replicate in two large-scale datasets of unrelated 41 individuals. We were able to reconcile this discrepancy by probing the latent relation between 42 personality and cortical thickness using a multivariate approach. Here we could uncover a 43 latent association between personality traits and cortical thickness. This component accounted 44 for 30% of the variance shared between personality traits and cortical thickness. The results of 45 our multivariate analysis indicate that personality is associated with regions supporting lower-46 order sensory as well as integrative cognitive processes. Our study provides first evidence of a 47 "Personality" is an individuals' characteristic set of cognitive, emotional and behavioral 52

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and local brain structure: their shared genetic basis and reproducibility

Valk

Hoffstaedter

Camilleri

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…This means that any differences in the belief system estimates cannot be attributable to differences in the items. I estimate the 2 Personality traits are not as reliable in low and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries (Laajaj et al, 2019). This is due to several interrelated reasons (e.g., survey enumerators, education levels).…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 91%

Estimating and examining the replicability of belief system networks

Brandt¹

2019

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Belief system structure can be investigated by estimating belief systems as networks of interacting political attitudes, but we do not know if these estimates are replicable. In a sample of 31 countries from the World Values Survey (N = 52,826), I find that country’s belief system networks are relatively replicable in terms of connectivity, proportion of positive edges, some centrality measures (e.g., expected influence), and the estimates of individual edges. Betweenness, closeness, and strength centrality estimates are more unstable. Belief system networks estimated with smaller samples or in countries with more unstable political systems tend to be less replicable than networks estimated with larger samples in stable political systems. Although these analyses are restricted to the items available in the World Values Survey, they show that belief system networks can be replicable, but that this replicability is related to features of the study design and the political system.

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“…An important aspect of the proposal is that these dimensions are not the result of the free inventiveness of researchers but of numerous empirical studies (McCrae & Mõttus, 2019;Sánchez & Ledesma, 2007). Concurrently, several studies support the existence of these five factors, in which genetic predisposition plays a fundamental role Laajaj et al, 2019; van der Linden, ISSN (Digital): 2223-7666 Liberabit, 2020, 26(1), e313 (enero -junio) 2019). Such structure has been proved independent of language, religion, and culture (Allik & McCrae, 2002;Laajaj et al, 2019;McCrae & Terraciano, 2005;van der Linden, 2019).…”

Section: Personalitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Concurrently, several studies support the existence of these five factors, in which genetic predisposition plays a fundamental role Laajaj et al, 2019; van der Linden, ISSN (Digital): 2223-7666 Liberabit, 2020, 26(1), e313 (enero -junio) 2019). Such structure has been proved independent of language, religion, and culture (Allik & McCrae, 2002;Laajaj et al, 2019;McCrae & Terraciano, 2005;van der Linden, 2019). According to these authors, the fact that these regularities are manifested in diverse cultures and contexts suggests the presence of basic characteristics in humans.…”

Section: Personalitymentioning

confidence: 98%