Change in Cognitive Abilities in Older Latinos

Wilson, Robert S.; Capuano, Ana W.; Márquez, David X.; Amofa, Priscilla; Barnes, Lisa L.; Bennett, David A.

doi:10.1017/s1355617715001058

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Further, we observed a strong positive correlation between financial and health literacy components (Pearson’s r : 0.44, p <0.001). Total literacy has also been related to various health behaviors and outcomes in older persons[15–21]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial and Health Literacy Predict Incident Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia and Pathology

Wilson

Schneider

et al. 2017

JAD

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Background Domain specific literacy is a multidimensional construct that requires multiple resources including cognitive and non-cognitive factors. Objective We test the hypothesis that domain specific literacy is associated with AD dementia and AD pathology after controlling for cognition. Methods Participants were community based older persons who completed a baseline literacy assessment, underwent annual clinical evaluations for up to 8 years and agreed to organ donation after death. Financial and health literacy was measured using 32 questions and cognition was measured using 19 tests. Annual diagnosis of AD dementia followed standard criteria. AD pathology was examined post-mortem by quantifying plaques and tangles. Cox models examined the association of literacy with incident AD dementia. Performance of model prediction for incident AD dementia was assessed using indices for integrated discrimination improvement and continuous net reclassification improvement. Linear regression models examined the independent association of literacy with AD pathology in autopsied participants. Results All 805 participants were free of dementia at baseline and 102 (12.7%) developed AD dementia during the follow-up. Lower literacy was associated with higher risk for incident AD dementia (p<0.001), and the association persisted after controlling for cognition (Hazard Ratio=1.50, p=0.004). The model including the literacy measure had better predictive performance than the one with demographics and cognition only. Lower literacy also was associated with higher burden of AD pathology after controlling for cognition (β=0.07, p=0.035). Conclusion Literacy predicts incident AD dementia and AD pathology in community-dwelling older persons, and the association is independent of traditional measures of cognition.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial and Health Literacy Predict Incident Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia and Pathology

Wilson

Schneider

et al. 2017

JAD

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“…Specific to older Latinos, those who tend to participate in more moderate or vigorous leisure-time PA, on average, are younger, male, of higher education, and have better health status (Marquez et al, 2011; Schoenborn et al, 2013). Older adults who are more likely to have greater declines in cognition are older, male, of a lower education level, and have poorer health status (Wilson et al, 2002), and a recent study showed similar patterns of cognitive decline when comparing Latinos to non-Latinos (Wilson et al, 2016). In studies focusing on Latinos only, acculturation can also impact PA and cognitive function.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Change in Older Latinos

Halloway

Wilbur

Schoeny

et al. 2017

Biological Research For Nursing

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Cognitive impairment in older Latinos is a concerning issue due to the rapid growth of this population and their increased risk for dementia due to chronic disease. Evidence, primarily from studies of non-Latino Whites, suggests that physical activity (PA) may reduce cognitive decline. Few longitudinal studies have included older Latinos, objective measures of PA, or neurocognitive tests that assess domains of cognition. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to explore the relation between changes in PA and cognitive decline in older Latinos over an average of five years. Inclusion criteria for the baseline sample were age ≥50 years, Latino ethnicity (English- or Spanish-speaking), no ambulation disability, no evidence of dementia, and Chicago address. Of the 174 baseline participants, 59 (33.9%) participated at follow-up. PA was measured by questionnaire and accelerometer worn for seven days. A battery of neurocognitive tests assessed episodic memory, perceptual speed, and semantic memory. Change in cognitive function was dichotomized to represent maintenance versus decline. Binary logistic regression results indicated that those who had less decline from baseline to follow-up in self-reported light PA maintained episodic memory, OR = 1.16 (95% CI 1.03 – 1.32), while those who had less decline in accelerometer moderate-vigorous bouts maintained semantic memory, OR = 16.08 (95% CI 1.53 – 168.89), controlling for baseline age, chronic health problems, depressive symptoms, and acculturation. These findings suggest that maintenance of PA with aging may prevent cognitive decline. This work can inform future intervention development that aims to maintain PA in order to prevent cognitive decline.

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“…The present study confronted this challenge in two ways. First, because the rate of retest learning tends to diminish with subsequent test experience, we statistically decomposed each cognitive trajectory into components more or less influenced by retest, as in previous research (Wilson et al, 2015; Wilson et al, 2016). Second, we defined dementia pathologically rather than clinically avoiding the potential bias involved in using cognitive data to ascertain the exposure (i.e., dementia) and the outcome (i.e., cognitive retest learning) while accommodating the mix of pathologies that underlie late-life dementia and mild cognitive impairment (Kapasi et al, 2017; Abner et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodegenerative disease and cognitive retest learning

Wilson

Capuano

et al. 2018

Neurobiology of Aging

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Retest learning impacts estimates of cognitive aging, but its bases are uncertain. Here, we test the hypothesis that dementia-related neurodegeneration impairs retest learning. Older persons without cognitive impairment at enrollment (n = 567) had annual cognitive testing for a mean of 11 years, died, and had a neuropathologic examination to quantify 5 neurodegenerative pathologies. Change point models were used to divide cognitive trajectories into an early retest sensitive component and a later component less sensitive to retest. Performance on a global cognitive measure (baseline mean = 0.227, standard deviation = 0.382) increased an estimated mean of 0.142-unit per year for a mean of 1.5 years and declined an estimated mean of 0.123-unit per year thereafter. No pathologic marker was related to cognitive change before the change point; each was related to cognitive decline after the change point. Results were comparable in analyses that used specific cognitive outcomes, included 220 individuals with mild cognitive impairment at enrollment, or allowed a longer retest learning period. The findings suggest that neurodegeneration does not impact cognitive retest learning.

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Change in Cognitive Abilities in Older Latinos

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Financial and Health Literacy Predict Incident Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia and Pathology

Financial and Health Literacy Predict Incident Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia and Pathology

The Relation Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Change in Older Latinos

Neurodegenerative disease and cognitive retest learning

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