Change in psychosocial factors connected to coping after inpatient treatment for substance use disorder: a systematic review

Abstract

Background Among the adult population worldwide, about 0.5% has illicit drug use disorder (DUD) and about 5% has alcohol use disorder (AUD). Dependency on alcohol, medication or illicit drugs are recognised as risk factors for disabling disease and early death. Treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) is important in promoting persistent abstinence and may be perceived as a valuable public health measure. The current systematic review aims at exploring how psychosocial factors connected to recovery capital and coping behaviour, change after inpatient SUD treatment. Methods A systematic search was conducted in Campbell Collaboration Library, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Epistemonikos, Medline, PsychINFO, Social Sciences Citation Index and SocINDEX. Cohort studies on psychosocial outcomes for adults who had attended to inpatient SUD treatment that exceeds 3 months, were included. The outcome of interest was change in psychosocial factors. The search results were identified as include , exclude or unclear by one author and then screened by the second author with a specific focus on studies recognised as unclear. Diverging evaluations of eligibility among the unclear studies were resolved by discussion. In case of disagreement, the third author decided the eligibility of the studies in question. Results Findings imply an overall progress in mental health, and a potential improvement in employment status and perceived social support after inpatient SUD treatment. Additionally, findings indicate a decrease in substance use from admission to follow-up after discharge from inpatient SUD treatment. These findings are consistent with earlier research on important factors in recovering from SUD. Findings on change in self-efficacy, housing, education and Quality of Life (QoL) however, were scantly researched and were expected to be more prominent outcomes of interest among the included studies. Conclusion Due to the substantial resources used to provide SUD treatment, knowledge about recovery capital, like psychosocial factors that facilitate coping behaviour and reintegration to society, should be standardised and used by SUD treatment providers. Trial Registration PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42018087408 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13011-019-0210-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Social support and recovery from mental health problems: a scoping review

“…These strategies create an opportunity for both emotional and practical social support, as well as direct and indirect social support. To enhance recovery capital at different levels, we know that psychosocial factors that facilitate social support and reintegration into society are crucial for vulnerable groups that struggle with severe mental health problems and/or substance-related disorders (Johannessen, Nordfjaern, and Geirdal 2019).…”

Trust and collaboration between patients and staff in SUD treatment: A qualitative study of patients’ reflections on inpatient SUD treatment four years after discharge

“…Inpatient treatment aims to increase perceptions of belonging, acceptance, and reciprocity and to decrease feelings of loneliness and isolation. Being in a group of people who struggle with the same problems and are also searching for better lives facilitates connections ( Kurtz, 2015 ; von Greiff & Skogens, 2014 ), since the group provides an outlet for patients to develop their empathy, receive and give advice and support, and improve their social skills during conversations and activities. Social support from fellow patients and staff is associated with improved mental health ( Bjørlykhaug et al, 2021 ; Cloud & Granfield, 2008 ).…”

“…The crucial turning point for some informants was developing new strategies for coping with, for example, substance cravings, trauma, ADHD, depression, and anxiety. For others, it was the establishment of daily routines; the adoption of circadian rhythms; and (in the final phase of treatment) finding a job, safe housing, and a predictable income Johannessen et al, 2019;Nettleton et al, 2013). Some informants claimed that their contact with family and friends during treatment contributed to sustaining those relationships after leaving the treatment centre.…”

“…A growing body of research has investigated people's recovery processes without professional treatment and support, and follow-up studies have measured the outcomes of treatment (Andersson et al, 2020;Bjornestad et al, 2020;Hennessy, 2017;Johannessen et al, 2019;Mudry et al, 2019;Orford, 2008;Pettersen et al, 2018). To our knowledge, few qualitative studies have drawn attention to former patients' reflections on their treatment several years after leaving treatment programmes, focusing on factors related to the treatment and not to patient demographic factors (Brorson et al, 2013).…”

Dependence of Alexithymia Intensity on Components of Psychosocial Adaptation in Men With Psychotropic Substance Use Disorders

“…Психосоціальна адаптація характеризує потенціал реінтеграції пацієнта в суспільство, її слід стандартизувати та використовувати у лікуванні наркотичної залежності [10]. Вживання наркотичних речовин чинить значний вплив на психологічний та соціальний добробут людини.…”