Changes in B cell and T cell subsets in bovine leukaemia virus-infected cattle

γδ+T-Lymphocyte Cytotoxicity against Envelope-Expressing Target Cells Is Unique to the Alymphocytic State of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in the Natural Host

“…However, the BLV Ϫ animals used in this study had a slightly higher number of circulating ␥␦ ϩ cells than previously reported (18), possibly due to the lack of a specific pan-␥␦-TcR MAb in the earlier study.…”

“…Thus, as expected, cytolytic ␥␦ ϩ T cells from BLV-infected animals in the AL state are not classically MHC restricted. Interestingly, PL animals possess higher numbers of BLV-producing cells in vivo (18), and in vitro demonstration of BLV antigens is much enhanced using cells from PL animals compared to AL animals (15). Therefore, based on BLV antigen availability in culture, ␥␦ ϩ T-cell expansion and cytotoxicity should be greater in cells from PL animals.…”

Cattle Infected with Bovine Leukaemia Virus may not only Develop Persistent B‐cell Lymphocytosis but also Persistent B‐cell Lymphopenia

“…In contrast, contradictory views exist on the distribution of B and T cells in the peripheral blood of BLV‐infected cattle which are haematologically inconspicuous. Whereas in several investigations no differences in the percentage and number of B cells have been observed (Gatei et al, 1989; Sordillo et al, 1994; Levkut et al, 1995; Dequiedt et al, 1999; Lundberg and Splitter, 2000), a decrease in these cells has been detected by Meirom et al (1993).…”

“…PL is characterized by an increased number of surface immunoglobulin‐positive (sIg + ) B cells in the peripheral blood (Muscoplat et al, 1974; Weiland and Straub, 1975; Koyama et al, 1983). The B/T cell ratio changes from < 1 in non‐infected cattle to ≥ 2 in cattle with PL (Meirom et al, 1985; Gatei et al, 1989). A large percentage of B cells in animals with PL express sIgM and the CD5 cell marker (Depelchin et al, 1989; Matheise et al, 1992).…”

Flow Cytometric Determination of the Expression of gp 51 Protein of Bovine Leukaemia Virus in Experimentally Infected Sheep

“…Retroviral envelope (Env) proteins play multiple functions that are critical for viral replication and pathogenicity. They serve as principle targets for humoral and cellular responses (1,13). They are synthesised as glycosylated polyproteins that are proteolytically processed by host enzymes into surface and transmembrane subunits during their passage through the Golgi apparatus, and then they are selectively incorporated into budding virions (27).…”