Changes in classical pathway complement activity in dromedary camels experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi

Ouma, Johnson O.; Olaho-Mukani, W.; Wishitemi, Bob; Guya, Samuel

doi:10.1016/s0165-2427(96)05758-3

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Saino et al 1995). Complement activity, in contrast, is not known to increase in response to infection (Olaho-Mukani, Munyua & Njogu 1995;Benjamini, Sunshine & Leskowitz 1996;Ouma et al 1997). Consequently, the inverse relationship between T and complement reported here is more consistent with the conclusion that T suppresses innate immunity than it is with the explanation that recent infection or innate immunity suppresses T.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…2000; Lochmiller & Deerenberg 2000; Ochsenbein & Zinkernagel 2000; Rickert 2005). The components measured in this study, circulating antibodies and complement, work together to neutralize a wide variety of pathogens, including West Nile virus (Mayer 1948; Ouma et al . 1997; Frank et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1995). Complement activity, in contrast, is not known to increase in response to infection (Olaho‐Mukani, Munyua & Njogu 1995; Benjamini, Sunshine & Leskowitz 1996; Ouma et al . 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the innate immune system acts as an immediate response to pathogens, it may be particularly important for survival in the wild (Mayer 1948;Nielsen et al 1978;Whitelaw et al 1979;Frank et al 2000;Lochmiller & Deerenberg 2000;Ochsenbein & Zinkernagel 2000;Rickert 2005). The components measured in this study, circulating antibodies and complement, work together to neutralize a wide variety of pathogens, including West Nile virus (Mayer 1948;Ouma et al 1997;Frank et al 2000;Mehlhop et al 2005). Suppression of the innate immune system may further decrease survival by way of interactions with the acquired immune system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testosterone and innate immune function inversely covary in a wild population of breeding Dark‐Eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis)

Greives¹,

McGlothlin

Jawor

et al. 2006

Functional Ecology

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Summary 1.Innate immunity refers to the non-specific components of the primary immune response, which act broadly to destroy pathogens. Effective innate immune responses may save an individual the energetic costs associated with activating subsequent specific immune responses. 2. Testosterone can suppress immune function in vitro and in vivo . Most studies examining testosterone's effects on immunity have focused on experimentally elevated testosterone and acquired immune responses (e.g. humoral and cell-mediated responses to foreign antigens). Few studies have investigated the relationship between endogenous levels of testosterone and innate immunity. 3. In a wild breeding population of Dark-Eyed Juncos ( Junco hyemalis Linnaeus), we asked whether endogenous levels of testosterone measured at several points during the breeding season covaried with two components of innate immunity: total levels of nonspecific immunoglobulin-G (IgG), and complement levels. 4. Testosterone levels were significantly negatively correlated with both total IgG and complement activity. Both immune measures were also positively correlated with body mass. Taken together with experimental results from the same species, these results suggest that elevated testosterone levels may compromise innate as well as acquired immune function.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1995). Complement activity, in contrast, is not known to increase in response to infection (Olaho‐Mukani, Munyua & Njogu 1995; Benjamini, Sunshine & Leskowitz 1996; Ouma et al . 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Testosterone and innate immune function inversely covary in a wild population of breeding Dark‐Eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis)

Greives¹,

McGlothlin

Jawor

et al. 2006

Functional Ecology

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“…Unfortunately, data from experimental infections in camels indicated that, despite a slight initial increase, classical complement pathway haemolytic activity dropped as the infection progressed and correlated negatively with parasitaemia but was recovered following elimination of trypanosomes, strongly suggesting an immunosuppression of the molecular components of the immune system [175]. In terms of innate cell-mediated immune response against trypanosomes, macrophages play a central role as antigen presenting cells (APCs) and effector microbicidal cells.…”

Section: Immunosuppressive Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects

Desquesnes

Holzmüller

Lai

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

348

327

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Trypanosoma evansi, the agent of “surra,” is a salivarian trypanosome, originating from Africa. It is thought to derive from Trypanosoma brucei by deletion of the maxicircle kinetoplastic DNA (genetic material required for cyclical development in tsetse flies). It is mostly mechanically transmitted by tabanids and stomoxes, initially to camels, in sub-Saharan area. The disease spread from North Africa towards the Middle East, Turkey, India, up to 53° North in Russia, across all South-East Asia, down to Indonesia and the Philippines, and it was also introduced by the conquistadores into Latin America. It can affect a very large range of domestic and wild hosts including camelids, equines, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs and other carnivores, deer, gazelles, and elephants. It found a new large range of wild and domestic hosts in Latin America, including reservoirs (capybaras) and biological vectors (vampire bats). Surra is a major disease in camels, equines, and dogs, in which it can often be fatal in the absence of treatment, and exhibits nonspecific clinical signs (anaemia, loss of weight, abortion, and death), which are variable from one host and one place to another; however, its immunosuppressive effects interfering with intercurrent diseases or vaccination campaigns might be its most significant and questionable aspect.

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Histopathology of Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) evansi Infection in Bandicoot Rat. I. Visceral Organs

Biswas

Choudhury

Misra

2001

Experimental Parasitology

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Changes in classical pathway complement activity in dromedary camels experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Testosterone and innate immune function inversely covary in a wild population of breeding Dark‐Eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis)

Testosterone and innate immune function inversely covary in a wild population of breeding Dark‐Eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis)

Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects

Histopathology of Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) evansi Infection in Bandicoot Rat. I. Visceral Organs

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