Changes in Erythron Organization during Prolonged Cadmium Exposure: An Indicator of Heavy Metal Stress?

Abstract

1993. Changes in erythron organization during prolonged cadmium exposure: an indicator s f heavy metal stress? Can. I. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 58: 21 7-222.Changes in erythron organization were examined in goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed for 3 wk to 5, 1 5, and 25% s f 240-h Cd LC50. In a subsequent, more extended study, specimens were first rendered acutely anemic by immersion in phenylhydrazine HCI, allowed ta recover in Cd-free water or in concentrations equivalent to -5 or -1 1 % of LC50, and sampled after 2, 5, 8, and 11 wk. Total, dividing, and degrading or karyorrhectic cell numbers were recorded, as were cell length, one-sided surface area, and form factor. in fish exposed to -1 1 % LC50, total cell numbers and the incidence of cell division fell, while karyorrhexis increased, Dividing to total cell ratios declined with time; karyorrhectic ta total and karyorrhectic to dividing cell ratios increased. Variations in cytomorphology suggested slower cell maturation at both metal concentratians, Detection of heavy metal stress in fishes by this form of hematological assessment appears feasible.On a 6tudie les modifications dans l'organisation des organes 6rythrocytaires chez le cyprin dore (Carassius auratus) expos6 pendant trois semaines i3 des concentrations equivalent i3 5, 15 et 25 % de la CL50 de 248 h du Cd. Au cours d'une etude ulterieure plus pouss&e, on a d'abord provoque une anemie s$v$re chez les sp4cirnens en les immergeant dans du chlorhydrate de phenylhydrazine, puis en les laissant se r4tablir dans une eau exempte de Cd ou A des concentrations equivalent approximativement 3 5 ou 11 % de la CL50; on a ensuite preleve des echantillons apr$s 2 , 5, 8 et 1 1 semi. Le nombre total de cellules ainsi que le nsmbre de cellules en voie de division et de cellules en caryorrhexie ou en voie de degradation ont 6tk notes, en plus de la longueur des eellules, de la surface erythrocytaire d'un seul c6t6 et du facteur morphologique. Chez les poissons exposes h une coneentration d'environ 1 1 % de la CL50, le nombre total de cellules et lrincidenee de la division eellkalaire dirninuent tandis que la caryorrhexie augmente. Le rapport entre le nombre de cellules en voie de division et le nombre total de cellules diminue en fonction du temps; cependant, il y a augmentation du rapport entre les cellkales en caryorrhexie et le nombre total de cellules ainsi que du rapport entre les cellules en caryorrhexie et les cellules en voie de division. Les variations cytomorphologiques laissent entrevoir un ralentissement de la maturation cellulaire pour les deux concentrations de metal i3 l'etude. II semble done possible d'evaluer le stress en presence de metaux lourds chez les poissons i3 I'aide de ce type d'evaluation hematologique.

Wound Healing in Rainbow Trout following Surgical Site Preparation with a Povidone–Iodine Antiseptic

“…Either situation could apply to our study. Our percentages of dividing erythrocytes were similar to those found by Houston and Murad (1992) and Houston et al (1993) in goldfish Carassius auratus stressed by temperature and heavy metal exposure. Total erythrocyte numbers were within the normal range for rainbow trout (Barham et al 1980), which supports our finding that no significant response to surgery occurred.…”

Effect of Inorganic Mercury on Hematological and Antioxidant Parameters on Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

“…The blood serum inorganic components of olive flounder treated with inorganic mercury are shown in Table 3. No significant differences were observed in serum phosphorous or Hb (g/dL) 1 2 9.4 ± 0.9 a 9.6 ± 0.7 a 9.8 ± 1.1 a 8.7 ± 1.2 ab 7.9 ± 0.6 ab 7.1 ± 0.5 bc 6.8 ± 1.0 bc 5.9 ± 0. mia in fish by inhibiting Hb synthesis and shortening the life span of circulating erythrocytes (Houston et al, 1993). These results are in accordance with those of mercury-exposed Dicentrarchus labrax (Gwoździński et al, 1992), Oreochromis aureus (Allen, 1994), and Aphanius dispar (Hilmy et al, 1980), which exhibited higher mercury concentration-induced anemia.…”

Lycopene reduces the impacts of aquatic environmental pollutants and physical stressors in fish

“…A wide range of toxicological signs was observed in Cd‐intoxicated fish such as growth and development disruption (Mekkawy & Lashein, 2003), anaemia (Houston et al, 1993), alterations of the hepatorenal functions (Soengas et al, 1996), skeletal deformities (Muramoto, 1981) and several pathological disorders in organs and tissues (Karlsson‐Norrgren et al, 1985).…”