Lycopene reduces the impacts of aquatic environmental pollutants and physical stressors in fish

Abstract

Aquatic organisms are susceptible throughout their lives to chemical and physical stressors, which negatively affect their health. Various aquatic pollutants derived from industrial effluents, overuse of some agricultural pesticides, herbicides and insecticides may cause devastating toxicological aspects of aquatic organisms and deteriorate their health and growth. They also led to oxidative stress to fish due to the stimulation of the production of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, the need for using natural antioxidants to be used as feed additives is of great importance to counteract the hazardous oxidative stress responses. The use of phytochemicals, which characterized by substantial antioxidative effects, has been raised. Lycopene is the principal carotenoid pigment found in tomatoes and their products, vegetables and red fruits. Numerous studies have recommended the use of lycopene as a powerful antioxidant to attenuate the oxidative stress responses in several fish species exposed to various toxicants or any other stress conditions. Lycopene maintains the health condition of fish by enhancing the immune and antioxidative responses. This review article aimed to elucidate the current information about the potential use of dietary lycopene for several fish species and its capability to attenuate the oxidative stress and haemato‐immunological alterations resulted from aquatic environmental pollutants and other physical stressors. Additionally, the review discusses some aspects regarding the lycopene mode of action to assess the profits that would be of importance in the aquaculture industry.

Spirulina platensis Alleviated the Oxidative Damage in the Gills, Liver, and Kidney Organs of Nile Tilapia Intoxicated with Sodium Sulphate

“…Recently, there is continuous and increasing attention among researchers on finding safe feed supplements for potential attenuation of the undesirable and toxic influences of chemical pollutants on the exposed aquatic organism [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Considering the toxic impacts of SS on aquatic organisms’ performances [ 4 ], there should be a practical solution to counteract the oxidative stress induced by SS toxicity.…”

Moving towards more sustainable aquaculture practices: a meta‐analysis on the potential of plant‐enriched diets to improve fish growth, immunity and disease resistance

“…In fact, coinfections with homologous or heterologous pathogens are very common in aquaculture (Kotob et al 2017), and therefore, a more holistic approach is required to reduce chemotherapeutant usage in disease prevention and treatment in aquaculture (Caruso 2016;Lieke et al 2019). Since disease outbreaks are intimately related to the physiological state of the animals, the use of feed supplements that maximize fish fitness and promote their immune systems such as medicinal plants and probiotics has gained considerable attention over the last decade (reviewed in Reverter et al 2014;Hoseinifar et al, 2018b;Dawood et al 2020). The use of functional feed supplements is especially interesting because it is a relatively inexpensive practice that can also provide benefits on fish growth and feeding efficiency (Encarnac ßão 2016; Guerreiro et al, 2018;Abdel-Latif et al 2020).…”

“…Since disease outbreaks are intimately related to the physiological state of the animals, the use of feed supplements that maximize fish fitness and promote their immune systems such as medicinal plants and probiotics has gained considerable attention over the last decade (reviewed in Reverter et al 2014;Hoseinifar et al, 2018b;Dawood et al 2020). The use of functional feed supplements is especially interesting because it is a relatively inexpensive practice that can also provide benefits on fish growth and feeding efficiency (Encarnac ßão 2016; Guerreiro et al, 2018;Abdel-Latif et al 2020). Since a better use of aquaculture resources, including fish feed, is required for the sustainable development of aquaculture (Naylor et al 2009;Alhazzaa et al 2019), the incorporation of plants or probiotics in fish diets could contribute at the same time to better disease prevention and better feed assimilation (Hoseinifar et al, 2018a;Dawood et al 2019).…”

Yucca schidigera Usage for Healthy Aquatic Animals: Potential Roles for Sustainability

“…Oxidative stress is one of the major concerns in aquaculture [ 71 , 72 ], which occurs due to the imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the disposal process [ 73 , 74 ]. The liver, intestine, and kidneys are the main components of the antioxidant system due to their function in the disposal of ROS by producing a number of key enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) [ 75 ].…”