Changes in Gray Matter Volume in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Adler, Caleb M.; Levine, Ari; DelBello, Melissa P.; Strakowski, Stephen M.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.03.022

Cited by 166 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These findings are also consistent with a recent voxel-based morphometry investigation (Adler et al 2005) that observed areas of significantly greater gray matter in several brain regions, including portions of the anterior cingulate, ventral prefrontal cortex, fusiform gyrus, and primary and supplementary motor cortex, in a sample of adult bipolar patients on a variety of medications. Although the authors interpret their findings as possibly reflective of preapoptotic osmotic changes or hypertrophy, they did not explicitly investigate differential medication effects, leaving open the question of the etiology of these neuroanatomic differences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Greater Cortical Gray Matter Density in Lithium-Treated Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Bearden¹,

Thompson²,

Dalwani³

et al. 2007

Biological Psychiatry

263

172

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Greater Cortical Gray Matter Density in Lithium-Treated Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Bearden¹,

Thompson²,

Dalwani³

et al. 2007

Biological Psychiatry

263

172

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“…These findings may indicate a global reorganization of tissue composition throughout the brain, rather than isolated increases or decreases in regional GM volumes. This is supported by previous VBM-based studies demonstrating that both increases and decreases of GM coexist in several conditions, such as heavy marijuana use [36], adult strabismus [37], obsessive compulsive disorder [38], bipolar disorder [39], dyslexia [40], Down's syndrome [41], schizophrenia [42], and obesity [5].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Relationships between plasma leptin concentrations and human brain structure: A voxel-based morphometric study

Pannacciulli¹,

Le²,

Chen

et al. 2007

Neuroscience Letters

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We have previously demonstrated that obese people have reduced grey matter (GM) in several brain areas, including regions implicated in the regulation of taste (i.e., inferior frontal operculum and postcentral gyrus), reward (i.e., putamen), and behavioral processing (i.e., middle frontal gyrus), compared with their lean counterparts. It is well established that the brain may serve as a direct target for adiposity signals, one of the most important being leptin. We investigated the relationships between fasting plasma leptin concentrations and brain tissue composition in a group of 32 young adult Caucasians (12M/20F, age 32±1 y, body fat 29±1%, mean ± SE) with normal glucose tolerance by using voxel-based morphometry of magnetic resonance imaging scans. Fasting plasma leptin concentrations were positively correlated with grey matter (GM) volumes of the left cerebellum and left inferior temporal gyrus and negatively associated with GM volumes of the left inferior frontal operculum, left postcentral gyrus, and right putamen (P<0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons) after adjustment for sex, percent body fat, age, fasting plasma insulin concentrations (i.e., the major determinants of plasma leptin), and global GM volume (thus allowing for an assessment of regional effects only). This study showed an independent, negative correlation between fasting plasma leptin concentrations, which are increased in obesity, and the volumes of GM in brain areas where obese people have reduced GM compared to their lean counterparts. These relationships may explain some of the abnormalities in brain morphology recently found to be associated with excess body fatness.

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“…Findings include, for example, reduced GM volume and/or density in left or bilateral ACG and subgenual ACG [108][109][110][111][112] and left, right or bilateral DLPFC, MdPFC and VLPFC, 111,[113][114][115] although there are some reports of greater bilateral VLPFC and dorsal ACG GM volume in adult BD 116 or no significant abnormalities in PFC volumes. 117 Recent findings also indicate GM volume reductions in left VLPFC in medicated adult BD compared with healthy individuals, 118 although not in first-episode BD.…”

Section: Adult Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 96%

A neural model of voluntary and automatic emotion regulation: implications for understanding the pathophysiology and neurodevelopment of bipolar disorder

2008

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The ability to regulate emotions is an important part of adaptive functioning in society. Advances in cognitive and affective neuroscience and biological psychiatry have facilitated examination of neural systems that may be important for emotion regulation. In this critical review we first develop a neural model of emotion regulation that includes neural systems implicated in different voluntary and automatic emotion regulatory subprocesses. We then use this model as a theoretical framework to examine functional neural abnormalities in these neural systems that may predispose to the development of a major psychiatric disorder characterized by severe emotion dysregulation, bipolar disorder.

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Changes in Gray Matter Volume in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Cited by 166 publications

References 41 publications

Greater Cortical Gray Matter Density in Lithium-Treated Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Greater Cortical Gray Matter Density in Lithium-Treated Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Relationships between plasma leptin concentrations and human brain structure: A voxel-based morphometric study

A neural model of voluntary and automatic emotion regulation: implications for understanding the pathophysiology and neurodevelopment of bipolar disorder

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