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Obesity remains a serious health problem in all countries due to its prevalence and the development of significant health consequences associated with high morbidity and mortality. According to the World Health Organization, over 1.5 billion adults in the modern world are overweight. According to domestic studies, about 40 % of the population of Ukraine is overweight and 25 % is obese. The literature review focuses on the problem of obesity in the peri- and postmenopausal periods. Because adipose tissue is the site of conversion of bioactive estrogens from androgenic precursors, it could be assumed that obese women should be less likely to develop symptoms of menopausal disorders such as vascular disorders, osteoporosis. Obesity affects ovulation, oocyte maturation, processes in the endometrium, and the process of implantation. Obesity impairs reproductive function not only through the mechanisms of ovulation disorders: reduced fertility is observed in patients with regular ovulatory cycles. Other mechanisms (the complex influence of psychosocial factors; the level of proinflammatory cytokines secreted by adipose tissue is increased in obesity) have not only a direct embryotoxic effect, but also limit the invasion of the trophoblast, disrupting its normal formation. Excessive amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines lead to local activation of prothrombinase and as a result to thrombosis, trophoblast infarction, its detachment and, ultimately, early miscarriage. The relationship between obesity and reproductive dysfunction has long been proven. At the same time, weight loss is known to improve this function in overweight and obese women. It is especially important that women with this pathology, who visit specialist physicians, receive the necessary recommendations and support aimed at weight loss.
Obesity remains a serious health problem in all countries due to its prevalence and the development of significant health consequences associated with high morbidity and mortality. According to the World Health Organization, over 1.5 billion adults in the modern world are overweight. According to domestic studies, about 40 % of the population of Ukraine is overweight and 25 % is obese. The literature review focuses on the problem of obesity in the peri- and postmenopausal periods. Because adipose tissue is the site of conversion of bioactive estrogens from androgenic precursors, it could be assumed that obese women should be less likely to develop symptoms of menopausal disorders such as vascular disorders, osteoporosis. Obesity affects ovulation, oocyte maturation, processes in the endometrium, and the process of implantation. Obesity impairs reproductive function not only through the mechanisms of ovulation disorders: reduced fertility is observed in patients with regular ovulatory cycles. Other mechanisms (the complex influence of psychosocial factors; the level of proinflammatory cytokines secreted by adipose tissue is increased in obesity) have not only a direct embryotoxic effect, but also limit the invasion of the trophoblast, disrupting its normal formation. Excessive amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines lead to local activation of prothrombinase and as a result to thrombosis, trophoblast infarction, its detachment and, ultimately, early miscarriage. The relationship between obesity and reproductive dysfunction has long been proven. At the same time, weight loss is known to improve this function in overweight and obese women. It is especially important that women with this pathology, who visit specialist physicians, receive the necessary recommendations and support aimed at weight loss.
One of the pressing problems of modern biochemistry is the problem of adaptation of animal organism to the environment and the formation of an adaptive reaction to the negative impact of production stress factors. Among such adaptive mechanisms for rabbits in the conditions of intensive rabbit meat management is the development of oxidative stress, which causes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the body and the development of reactive oxygen pathology. An important role in the mechanism of adaptation of the body belongs to lipids, because they are a structural component of cell membranes and act as energy and signal systems in cells. Peroxide oxidation of lipids is a compensatory reaction that ensures the functioning of the organism for changes in the environment. The content of total lipids and peroxide oxidation products of lipids, as well as the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant defense system in rabbits from birth to 90 days of age was investigated. It has been established that the content of total lipids in brain tissues increases throughout the period of postnatal ontogenesis due to the peculiarities of the functional and metabolic activity of brain cells. The content of common lipids is closely related to the processes of lipid peroxide oxidation and the activity of enzymes of antioxidant defense. The growth in concentration of peroxide oxidation products is accompanied by a decrease in the content of total lipids in the rabbit tissues. Reduced content of TBARSproducts in rabbit brain tissue from birth to 90-day age was noted. A moderate (r = 0.66) correlation between the content of lipid conjugated dienes and lipid hydroperoxides, as well as the strong correlation (r = -0.77) between the contents of lipid conjugated dienes and TBARS-products has been established. In the heart of rabbits a reversible moderate (r = -0.62) correlation between the content of lipid conjugated dienes and lipid hydroperoxides has been revealed. Key words: rabbits, development, lipid peroxidation, brain, heart, longest muscle of the back.
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