Changes in microbial populations during anaerobic flax retting

Donaghy, John; Levett, Paul N.; Haylock, R. W.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01556.x

Cited by 53 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…After growth, plates were flooded with a 1% cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide solution (Donaghy et al, 1990). A clearing around a colony indicated pectinolytic activity.…”

Section: Enzymatic Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploitation of bacterial pectinolytic strains for improvement of hemp water retting

et al. 2004

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Retting is the major limitation to an efficient production of textile hemp fibres. Traditional retting has been carried out by autochthonous bacterial community. Aerobic and anaerobic pectinolytic strains were isolated from hemp or flax sources and characterised. Anaerobic pectinolytic strains had a wide range of acid polygalacturonase (PG) activity, whereas aerobic isolates did not produce any acid PG activity, but only an alkalophylic one, suggesting they could play a minor role in the retting process, except in the early stages. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences assigned anaerobic strains to the Clostridium genus and aerobic isolates to the Bacillus and Paenibacillus genus. C. felsineum and C. acetobutylicum were confirmed as the main anaerobic agents. Nevertheless, a high proportion of anaerobic and aerobic pectinolytic strains was assigned to C. saccharobutylicum and B. pumilus, respectively, both species never being described as involved in water retting. Anaerobic and aerobic strains with high PG activity were selected and characterized. PG activity is well correlated with the strain retting efficiency and improvement of the process was obtained by inoculating the retting water with spores of selected aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. An advisable feature of retting strains is the absence of cellulosolytic activity. An aerobic strain with no cellulosolytic activity was identified. In contrast, all the anaerobic isolates showed cellulosolytic activity. Mutagenesis was ineffective for selection of Cel-Pec+ mutants. Localization of the C. felsineum L1/6 PG activity was investigated

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“…After growth, plates were flooded with a 1% cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide solution (Donaghy et al, 1990). A clearing around a colony indicated pectinolytic activity.…”

Section: Enzymatic Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main pectinolytic agents are Bacillus spp., in the aerobic phase, and Clostridium spp., in the anaerobic one. During the course of retting, the pH value decreases to acid values (about 4.0) (Donaghy et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation of bacterial pectinolytic strains for improvement of hemp water retting

et al. 2004

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“…In water retting, stalks are soaked in freshwater tanks, where a pectinolytic bacterial community is developed (Donaghy et al, 1990). Water retting may require large amount of clean water and therefore is expensive but results in high quality fibres (Mwaikambo, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical parameters of dew retted and water retted hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibres

Jankauskienė

Gruzdevienė

2013

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Even small additions of hemp fibres to fabrics result in sig nificantly higher surface resistance and increased heat sorption. The two major retting methods (dew retting and water retting) are used to extract fibbers for industrial uses. Both methods produce fibres of different quality. The results of research, carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Upytė Experimental Station in 2006-2007, showed that dew retted and water retted hemp fibres differed in appearance. Hemp variety as a factor showed higher impact on physical fibre parameters: fibre content in dew retted and water retted hemp straw, dew retted hemp straw output from hemp stalks, the strength of fibre obtained from dew retted and water retted hemp. Seed rate as a factor did not show any significant influence on physical fibre parameters, and only some trends of higher parameters at higher seed rates could be observed. Statistical evaluation indicated that the year as a factor affected the majority of physical parameters tested. Statistical data processing also showed that the fibre extraction method as a factor had a significant influence on the fibre content in hemp straw in 2006, on the straw output from hemp stalks in 2007, on the fibre content in hemp stalks and hemp fibre flexibility in both years of investigation, on the hemp fibre strength in 2006.

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“…The field use of 3-4 weeks is also another drawback of the process [6]. In water retting, straw is submerged in water tanks, where a pectinolytic bacterial community develops [7]. Bacillus species are dominant for 10 to 40 h after the start of the water retting process, and are followed by spore-forming anaerobic Clostridium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Physical and Structural Properties of Water Retted and Non-retted Flax Fibers

Nair

Singh

Zimniewska

et al. 2013

Fibers

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Flax stems of Modran variety were subjected to water retting under laboratory conditions and its physical properties were compared with non-retted fibers. Physical properties including percentage of impurities, weighted average length, linear density, tenacity and elongation were analyzed and the results were compared. The analysis of retted and non-retted flax fibers showed that retting is the most important step in the processing of flax fibers and it directly affects quality attributes like strength, fineness, and homogeneity. Scanning Electron microscope images of fibers were also analyzed and the retted fibers showed much cleaner surface when compared to decorticated non-retted fibers.

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Changes in microbial populations during anaerobic flax retting

Cited by 53 publications

References 16 publications

Exploitation of bacterial pectinolytic strains for improvement of hemp water retting

Exploitation of bacterial pectinolytic strains for improvement of hemp water retting

Physical parameters of dew retted and water retted hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibres

Comparative Evaluation of Physical and Structural Properties of Water Retted and Non-retted Flax Fibers

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