Changes in novel gastrointestinal and renal injury markers in the blood plasma of sheep following increasing intravenous doses of tolfenamic acid

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

et al. 2020

Self Cite

The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid (TA) following intravenous (IV) administration at doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg in goats. In this study, six healthy goats were used. TA was administered intravenously to each goat at 2 and 4 mg/kg doses in a cross‐over pharmacokinetic design with a 15‐day washout period. Plasma concentrations of TA were analyzed using the high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector, and pharmacokinetic parameters were assigned by noncompartmental analysis. Following IV administration at dose of 2 mg/kg, area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0−∞), elimination half‐life (t1/2ʎz), total clearance (ClT) and volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) were 6.64 ± 0.81 hr*µg/ml, 1.57 ± 0.14 hr, 0.30 ± 0.04 L h‐1 kg‐1 and 0.40 ± 0.05 L/kg, respectively. After the administration of TA at a dose of 4 mg/kg showed prolonged t1/2ʎz, increased dose‐normalized AUC0‐∞, and decreased ClT. In goats, TA at 4 mg/kg dose can be administered wider dose intervals compared to the 2 mg/kg dose. However, further studies are needed to determine the effect of different doses on the clinical efficacy of TA in goats.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dose on the intravenous pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid in goats

Tekeli

Türk

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

et al. 2020

Self Cite

“…At the beginning of the study, a catheter was placed into the right and left jugular veins of sheep for drug administration and blood collection, respectively. Levofloxacin (4 mg/kg, Goudah and Hasabelnaby, 2010), tolfenamic acid (2 mg/kg, Corum et al, 2018;Yildiz et al, 2019), and flunixin meglumine (2.2 mg/kg, Welsh et al, 1993) were administered to the sheep as a single IV bolus through the venous line placed in the right jugular vein. In the first period, only levofloxacin was administered to the sheep.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of tolfenamic acid and flunixin meglumine on the disposition kinetics of levofloxacin in sheep

Yıldız

et al. 2020

AVet

Self Cite

The pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin (4 mg/kg), administered both alone and in combination with tolfenamic acid (2 mg/kg) and flunixin meglumine (2.2 mg/kg), was established after intravenous administration in sheep. Plasma levofloxacin concentrations were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography and analysed according to the two-compartment open model. Following the administration of levofloxacin alone, the mean distribution half-life, elimination half-life, total clearance, volume of distribution at steady state and area under the plasma concentration–time curve were 0.20 h, 1.82 h, 0.39 L/h/kg, 0.96 L/kg and 10.40 h × µg/mL, respectively. Tolfenamic acid and flunixin meglumine caused a slow elimination and increased plasma concentrations of levofloxacin in combination administration. Levofloxacin, with an alteration in the dosage regimen, can be used effectively with tolfenamic acid and flunixin meglumine for the therapy of infections and inflammatory conditions in sheep.

“…However, because the EC 50 level of meloxicam varies based on painful and inflammatory condition, its effectiveness in castration should be determined. Increased plasma concentrations of NSAIDs may increase their undesirable effects (Corum, Corum, Er, Yildiz, & Uney, 2018; Yildiz et al., 2019). It is known that a single dose of meloxicam (1 and 2 mg/kg) is well tolerated in sheep (Woodland et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of castration procedure on the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in goat kids

Tekeli

Türk

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

et al. 2020

Self Cite

The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in goat kids who were castrated following the administration of xylazine. Six goat kids were used for the study. The study was performed in two periods according to a longitudinal study, with a 15‐day washout period between periods. In the first period (Control group), 1 mg/kg meloxicam was administered by i.v. route to kids. In the second period (Castration group), the kids were sedated with 0.3 mg/kg xylazine and castration was performed following meloxicam administration. Plasma meloxicam concentration was analyzed using HPLC‐UV, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental model. In the control group following the administration of meloxicam, mean elimination half‐life (t1/2ʎz), area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0−∞), total body clearance (ClT), and volume of distribution at steady‐state (Vdss) were 13.50 ± 0.62 hr, 41.10 ± 2.86 hr µg/ml, 24.43 ± 1.75 ml hr−1 kg−1, and 0.45 ± 0.03 L/kg, respectively. In the castration group, the t1/2ʎz of meloxicam prolonged, AUC0−∞ increased, and ClT and Vdss decreased. In conclusion, the excretion of meloxicam from the body slowed and the t1/2ʎz was prolonged in the castrated goat kids following xylazine administration. However, there is a need to determine the pharmacodynamics of meloxicam in castrated goat kids.