Changes in the number of protoplasts, viability, protein and chlorophyll contents and ribonucleases activity were studied in tobacco mesophyll protoplasts in vitro inoculated with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The number of protoplasts slowly increased during the cultivation period and the viability decreased from 95 to 67 % in the control noninoculated protoplasts, and to 55 % in the infected protoplasts. 30 h after inoculation the protein and chlorophyll contents strongly decreased to 25 -30 % and 17 -19 %, respectively, in comparison with contents 3 h after inoculation. The chlorophyll a/b ratio decreased from 2. i I and 2.02 to 0.79 and 0.60 in healthy and infected protoplasts, respectively. The activities of ribonucleases in protoplasts quickly decreased during experiment but they were higher in infected than in noninfected protoplasts (between 20 to 30 h after inoculation they were 132 to 146 % higher than that in healthy controls). These activities corresponded to the multiplication curve of TMV.