Changes in secondary vegetation dynamics in a context of decreasing deforestation rates in Pará, Brazilian Amazon

Carvalho, Raquel; Adami, Marcos; Amaral, Silvana; Bezerra, Francisco Gilney; Aguiar, Ana Paula Dutra

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2019.03.001

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Outside of protected areas, young stages of natural regeneration are highly vulnerable to being re-cleared (Schwartz et al 2017, Reid et al 2019. In the Brazilian Amazon, 42 040 km 2 of secondary forests derived from natural regeneration of abandoned pastures were converted into other types of land cover between 2010 and 2014 (Carvalho et al 2019). From 2008 to 2014, deforestation of secondary forests in Brazilian Amazonia became decoupled from deforestation of primary forests, suggesting a trend toward pasture management based on reclearance of young forests (Wang et al 2020).…”

Section: Economic and Policy Barriers To Natural Forest Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering natural forest regeneration on former agricultural land through economic and policy interventions

Chazdon

Lindenmayer

Guariguata

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

158

124

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Under suitable conditions, deforested land used for agricultural crops or pastures can revert to forest through the assisted or unassisted process of natural regeneration. These naturally regenerating forests conserve biodiversity, provide a wide array of ecosystem goods and services, and support rural economies and livelihoods. Based on studies in tropical and temperate forest ecosystems, we summarize cases where natural regeneration is occurring in agricultural landscapes around the world and identify the socio-ecological factors that favor its development and affect its qualities, outcomes and persistence. We describe how the economic and policy context creates barriers for the development, persistence, and management of naturally regenerating forests, including perverse outcomes of policies intended to enhance protection of native forests. We conclude with recommendations for specific economic and policy interventions at local, national, and global scales to enhance forest natural regeneration and to promote the sustainable management of regrowth forests on former agricultural land while strengthening rural communities and economies.

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Section: Economic and Policy Barriers To Natural Forest Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering natural forest regeneration on former agricultural land through economic and policy interventions

Chazdon

Lindenmayer

Guariguata

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

158

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…During the initial years of regrowth, these secondary forests show rapid biomass accumulation as well as high extraction of soil nutrients 57 , and therefore represent an important option to reduce forest fragmentation and its environmental impacts. Unfortunately, previous studies 29,49 showed that these areas are undergoing ongoing cutting and regrowth, or are being converted to other land uses such as agriculture or pasture 31 . Moreover, these areas are also more susceptible to fire than primary forest 53,58 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, there is insufficient data available on yearly forest regrowth, as these forests take time to regrow. We also made the simplifying assumption that forest regrowth after disturbance (secondary forest) in the BLA would not mitigate the fragmentation problem, as regenerating forest is not a target of Brazilian forest policy; these forests are being cut and converted to other land uses or cover types on an ongoing basis 29,30 , and these changes have intensified since 2010 31 .…”

Section: Increasing Fragmentation Of Forest Cover In Brazil's Legal Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing fragmentation of forest cover in Brazil’s Legal Amazon from 2001 to 2017

Montibeller

Kmoch

Virro

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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cluster. Points with a high positive Z-score (≥1.645) and a significant P value (i.e., hot spots) represent clusters of large forest loss areas, whereas points with a low negative Z-score (≤-1.645) and a significant P value (i.e., cold spots) represent clusters of small forest loss areas. We performed the hotspot analysis separately for each year. Active fire data. To estimate the forest loss potentially caused by fire, we used the Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) active fire product 68 which is derived from the MODIS sensor aboard the NASA Aqua and Terra satellites. We used the MCD14ML (collection 6) product for active fire data from 2001 to 2017. This data is produced based on the daily MODIS middle-infrared and thermal infrared bands, which are compared with reference data in order to identify pixels with an active fire. We used the definition "potentially caused by fire" for two reasons. The first one relates to the difference in spatial resolution between the forest loss data (30 m) and the MODIS-based product (1 km), which is a limitation of our results because a fire could be located in any area within the 1-km MODIS pixel. The second relates to the fact that fire is used as a management tool for purposes such as burning the residual vegetation that remains or begins to grow after deforestation, which means that it was not directly responsible for the forest loss. We combined the annual (FIRMS) active fire points with the forest loss patches (polygons) during the same year in order to identify forest loss patches that contained one or more FIRMS active fire points within their borders. By summarizing the area of these forest loss patches, we obtained the total area of forest loss that had been potentially caused by fire.

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“…(iv) To explore the spatial-temporal dynamics of secondary vegetation between 2004 and 2014 in different systems, we analyzed the quantitative evolution and percentages of the area of secondary vegetation per deforested land and the area under clusters of cold spots (low values) and hotspots (high values) of secondary vegetation per deforested (Carvalho et al 2019).…”

Section: Spatial-temporal Dynamics Of Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of cattle raising systems and its effects over forest regrowth in a core region of cattle production in the Brazilian Amazon

2020

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Roughly 60% of all deforested lands in the Brazilian Amazon are covered with pastures, putting cattle raising in evidence as a major driver of deforestation and also of forests' regrowth. Still, the role of cattle raising diversity in the landscape dynamics of this region remains poorly understood. To contribute to this discussion, we combined data from semi-structured interviews and quantitative spatially explicit methods to characterize and spatialize cattle raising systems and explore the effects of this diversity over secondary vegetation between 2004 and 2014 in Pará, a hotspot of deforestation and core region of cattle production. We quantified the use of different pasture management strategies to classify small-and large-scale operations into systems with high or low impact against pastures' degradation. High-impact systems were mapped in regions with consolidated infrastructure and high accumulated deforestation, where they expanded. On the contrary, low-impact systems were more widespread and found near forest frontiers, shrinking over time. High-impact systems had less secondary vegetation, while under low-impact systems, as a result of strategies with little or no effect against degradation, the historical pattern of concentration of this cover prevailed. Better infrastructure and access to markets as well as higher accumulated deforestation are underlying conditions related to the emergence of intensification and, as it is still unclear whether intensification is indeed capable of sparing land, the expansion of intensive cattle raising systems has the potential to configure landscapes with reduced forested areas, either primary or secondary.

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Changes in secondary vegetation dynamics in a context of decreasing deforestation rates in Pará, Brazilian Amazon

Cited by 33 publications

References 55 publications

Fostering natural forest regeneration on former agricultural land through economic and policy interventions

Fostering natural forest regeneration on former agricultural land through economic and policy interventions

Increasing fragmentation of forest cover in Brazil’s Legal Amazon from 2001 to 2017

Diversity of cattle raising systems and its effects over forest regrowth in a core region of cattle production in the Brazilian Amazon

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