Changes in Serum Sphingomyelin After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Are Related to Diabetes Status

Carlsson, Elin Rebecka; Grundtvig, Josefine; Madsbad, Sten; Fenger, Mogens

doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00172

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…All of them were found at lower concentrations in RYGB. Previous studies have observed a decrease in sphingomyelins after weight loss in humans [47] and after RYGB induced weight loss [48]. Interestingly, in our study, the control group was kept at the same body weight as the RYGB group thereby excluding an effect directly induced by weight loss.…”

Section: Altered Host Plasma Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 66%

Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss

et al. 2020

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Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is a last-resort treatment to induce substantial and sustained weight loss in cases of severe obesity. This anatomical rearrangement affects the intestinal microbiota, but so far, little information is available on how it interferes with microbial functionality and microbial-host interactions independently of weight loss. Methods: A rat model was employed where the RYGB-surgery cohort is compared to sham-operated controls which were kept at a matched body weight by food restriction. We investigated the microbial taxonomy and functional activity using 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing, metaproteomics, and metabolomics on samples collected from theileum, the cecum, and the colon, and separately analysed the lumen and mucus-associated microbiota. Results: Altered gut architecture in RYGB increased the relative occurrence of Actinobacteria, especially Bifidobacteriaceae and Proteobacteria, while in general, Firmicutes were decreased although Streptococcaceae and Clostridium perfringens were observed at relative higher abundances independent of weight loss. A decrease of conjugated and secondary bile acids was observed in the RYGB-gut lumen. The arginine biosynthesis pathway in the microbiota was altered, as indicated by the changes in the abundance of upstream metabolites and enzymes, resulting in lower levels of arginine and higher levels of aspartate in the colon after RYGB. Conclusion: The anatomical rearrangement in RYGB affects microbiota composition and functionality as well as changes in amino acid and bile acid metabolism independently of weight loss. The shift in the taxonomic structure of the microbiota after RYGB may be mediated by the resulting change in the composition of the bile acid pool in the gut and by changes in the composition of nutrients in the gut.

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Section: Altered Host Plasma Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 66%

Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss

et al. 2020

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“…A metabolomics profiling on 3000 subjects confirmed that higher levels of sphingomyelins were present in women [187]. In obesity, serum SM levels were higher in women, whereas SMs were lower in diabetic than non-diabetic patients [188]. The dependence of sphingomyelin levels on estrogen metabolism was recognized by Merrill A. et al in 1985 [189].…”

Section: The Influence Of Gendermentioning

confidence: 98%

Sphingolipids in Obesity and Correlated Co-Morbidities: The Contribution of Gender, Age and Environment

Torretta

Barbacini

Al-Daghri

et al. 2019

IJMS

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This paper reviews our present knowledge on the contribution of ceramide (Cer), sphingomyelin (SM), dihydroceramide (DhCer) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in obesity and related co-morbidities. Specifically, in this paper, we address the role of acyl chain composition in bodily fluids for monitoring obesity in males and females, in aging persons and in situations of environmental hypoxia adaptation. After a brief introduction on sphingolipid synthesis and compartmentalization, the node of detection methods has been critically revised as the node of the use of animal models. The latter do not recapitulate the human condition, making it difficult to compare levels of sphingolipids found in animal tissues and human bodily fluids, and thus, to find definitive conclusions. In human subjects, the search for putative biomarkers has to be performed on easily accessible material, such as serum. The serum “sphingolipidome” profile indicates that attention should be focused on specific acyl chains associated with obesity, per se, since total Cer and SM levels coupled with dyslipidemia and vitamin D deficiency can be confounding factors. Furthermore, exposure to hypoxia indicates a relationship between dyslipidemia, obesity, oxygen level and aerobic/anaerobic metabolism, thus, opening new research avenues in the role of sphingolipids.

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“…These results are in contrast with other studies 43–45 that found higher levels of SM in women. However, once again, considering dyslipidemic normal-weight and obese women, SM were more abundant 44 , and particularly SM C22:0 and C14:1 were higher compared to men both dyslipidemic normal-weight and obese.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Sphingolipid serum profiling in vitamin D deficient and dyslipidemic obese dimorphic adults

Al-Daghri

Torretta

Barbacini

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Recent studies on Saudi Arabians indicate a prevalence of dyslipidemia and vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D) in both normal weight and obese subjects. In the present study the sphingolipid pattern was investigated in 23 normolipidemic normal weight (NW), 46 vitamin D deficient dyslipidemic normal weight (-vitDNW) and 60 vitamin D deficient dyslipidemic obese (-vitDO) men and women by HPTLC-primuline profiling and LC-MS analyses. Results indicate higher levels of total ceramide (Cer) and dihydroceramide (dhCers C18–22) and lower levels of total sphingomyelins (SMs) and dihydrosphingomyelin (dhSM) not only in -vitDO subjects compared to NW, but also in –vitDNW individuals. A dependency on body mass index (BMI) was observed analyzing specific Cer acyl chains levels. Lower levels of C20 and 24 were observed in men and C24.2 in women, respectively. Furthermore, LC-MS analyses display dimorphic changes in NW, -vitDNW and –vitDO subjects. In conclusion, LC-MS data identify the independency of the axis high Cers, dhCers and SMs from obesity per se. Furthermore, it indicates that long chains Cers levels are specific target of weight gain and that circulating Cer and SM levels are linked to sexual dimorphism status and can contribute to predict obese related co-morbidities in men and women.

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Changes in Serum Sphingomyelin After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Are Related to Diabetes Status

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss

Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss

Sphingolipids in Obesity and Correlated Co-Morbidities: The Contribution of Gender, Age and Environment

Sphingolipid serum profiling in vitamin D deficient and dyslipidemic obese dimorphic adults

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