Changes in sputum bacterial landscape after vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza type b and influenza in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Changes in sputum bacterial landscape after vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b and influenza in patients with chronic obstructive pul monary disease SummaryThe influence of combined vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b and influenza on sputum bacterial land scape in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been analyzed in this article. The 1 st group of 31 COPD patients (mean age, 59.25 ± 1.12 years) were vaccinated simultaneously with "Pneumo 23", "Hiberix", "Grippol plus". The 2 nd group consisted of 49 unvaccinated COPD patients (mean age, 57.16 ± 0.98 years). We used a classical microbiological method. Three months after the complete vaccination, there was a significant decrease in number of patients with S. pneumoniae yielded in sputum in comparison with unvaccinated COPD patients. Key words: vaccination, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, "Pneumo 23", "Hiberix", "Grippol plus". РезюмеЦелью работы было изучение влияния комплексной вакцинации против пневмококка, гемофильной инфекции типа b и гриппа на мик робный пейзаж мокроты через 3 мес. после вакцинации у больных с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) по сравне нию с невакцинированными пациентами. Первую группу составили пациенты с ХОБЛ (n = 31), одномоментно вакцинированные "Пневмо 23", "Хиберикс", "Гриппол плюс" (средний возраст -59,25 ± 1,12 года), вторую группу -невакцинированные пациенты с ХОБЛ (n = 49) (средний возраст -57,16 ± 0,98 года). Использовался классический микробиологический метод. Через 3 мес. после комплексной вакцинации отмечено достоверное снижение числа пациентов, выделяющих с мокротой Streptococcus pneumoniae, по срав нению с невакцинированными больными ХОБЛ. Ключевые слова: вакцинопрофилактика, хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких, "Пневмо 23", "Хиберикс", "Гриппол плюс".

Post-vaccination Immunity to Pneumococcal, Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Infection and Influenza in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD)

“…Moreover, the number of exacerbations in vaccinated patients dropped within one year in 3.7 times [8].…”

“…In normal antigen load in the respiratory mucosa is not unfolding major events related to the effector phase of the immune response. Celebrating a clear predominance of Th2-lymphocytes, which indicates the formation of humoral immune response necessary for adequate antibody [6][7][8][9][10]. COPD has Th1-dominated immune response with increased production of γ-IFN.…”

Does a combined vaccine against respiratory infection contribute to functional improvement in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

“…Известны несколько серотипов гемофиль ной палочки, каждая из которых потенциально мо жет вызывать обострения ХОБЛ, в т. ч. H. influenzae типа b. В арсенале врачей имеется вакцина против ге мофильной типа b инфекции, поэтому ранее изуча лась возможность комбинированной вакцинации больных ХОБЛ против респираторных инфекций, а именно -гриппа, пневмококковой, гемофильной типа b инфекций. Результаты данного исследования широко представлены в литературе [8][9][10][11].…”

Secretory IgA and course of COVID-19 in patients receiving a bacteria-based immunostimulant agent in addition to background therapy

“…It is believed that the recognition of bacterial antigens included in such formulations by dendritic cells activates immune response and stimulates the production of antibodies by B-cells, which is accompanied by the enhancement of phagocytic activity of macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils as well as an increased production of lysozyme and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) 8 , 9 . Bacteria-based immunomodulatory agents induce the polarization of immune response, mainly type Th1, increase in NK cytotoxicity and an enhanced expression of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 10 that is why they are especially used in the treatment of the respiratory tract diseases such as obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma 11 – 14 . The results of the studies investigating the efficacy of immunomodulatory agents in COVID-19 infection are, however, scarce, anecdotal, and sometimes not evidence-based.…”