Changes in The Diversity of Human Skin Microbiota to Cosmetic Serum Containing Prebiotics: Results From A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: Prebiotic treatment may rebalance the skin microbiota by regulating the growth of harmful and beneficial microorganisms. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (N = 60), we evaluated the effects of a cosmetic serum containing galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on the balance of the skin microbiota by measuring various skin parameters. Results: The skin water-holding capacity between the control (ND) and experimental (NF) groups was significantly different after 8 weeks of serum treatment (p < 0.05). Similarly, changes in transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and the erythema index in the ND and NF groups were significantly different (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the wrinkle depth and Staphylococcus aureus population decreased in the NF group compared with those in the ND group (p < 0.05). The mean form factor, Shannon index, and Pediococcus population were significantly increased in the post-NF group compared with those in the post-ND group (p < 0.05). Finally, in the ND group, water-holding capacity was positively correlated with Enhydrobacter, whereas Enterobacteriaceae was negatively correlated with TEWL in the NF group. Conclusions: These results suggest that GOS inhibit the growth of harmful skin microbes and increase the population of beneficial microbes.

Global prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in food products and its relationship with the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus

“…By transcriptomic sequencing, we speculated that Lp84-3 might be induced by activating the expression of Akt and AKT2 genes in the insulin resistance signaling pathway, and GLUT4 expression is directly or indirectly regulated to inhibit the colonization of S. aureus, thus improving T2D. In addition, there were also two studies documenting that the prebiotic treatment also can decrease S. aureus colonization and lower proinflammatory signaling postinfection in obese/T2D mice [70]. Recently, fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) in the treatment of diseases related to intestinal and extra-intestinal flora disorders exhibited a promising prospect, which can also result in intestinal decolonization of extended S. aureus by producing some metabolities, such as short-chain fatty acids [71,72].…”